중국 퇴경환림(退耕還林) 정책을 통해 본북한 산림복구사업의 방향성 연구

Abstract

China, which was under the socialist state, has increasingly made a lot of degraded and devastated forests and lands due to reckless development and excessive land use, to the extent that it finally becomes a social problem. Continuous and severe land use changes led to the expanded desertification throughout northwest arid climate zones and increased numbers of large scaled flood and natural diasters. In particular, the great flood of Yangtze river in 1998 with its critical damages was the typical case showing the seriousness of Chinese forest's degradation and devastation. To cope with this problem, Chinese government implemented “Grain for Green Project” from 2008 to 2011, turning farmlands into forestlands. The project has been achieving some desired outcomes until now. The Grain for Green Project, enforced based on the central government’s strong political will, turned farmlands into forestlands, through direct rewards and supports to forest villages. The government also improved its previous methods for forest restoration and forest management, by learning advanced forest technologies and management methods from abroad, through supports from international society. Such experiences and lessons of forest devastation and restoration that China has experienced, though they are not exactly same with those of North Korea, are expected to give significant implications for understanding North Korea’s circumstances more clearly, which is also a socialist state as China.