중국의 외교 내러티브(Narrative) 연구
A Study on the China's diplomatic narratives
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이 연구의 목적은 내러티브연구(Narrative Study)에 기초하여 시진핑(習近平) 시기 중국외교정책을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 먼저 내러티브연구의 국제관계에서의 발전과 주요 개념을 살펴보고, 다음으로 (전략적) 내러티브 개념을 중국의 외교와 국제관계에 적용하여 살펴볼 것이다. 마지막으로 ‘인류운명공동체’, ‘신형국제관계’와 ‘중국특색의 대국외교’ 등 중국의 전략적 내러티브(Strategic Narrative)가 어떻게 외교정책과 국가전략에 반영되고 있는지를 살펴볼 것이다. 부상하는 중국은 강대국역할에 적합한 자신의 전략적 내러티브(Strategic Narrative) 혹은 이야기(Story)를 형성하여 국제사회에 자신의 '가치관'과 '이익'을 투사함으로써 '영향력'을 유지, 확대하고자 한다. 즉 중국은 자신만의 전략적 내러티브를 통해 새롭게 형성되는 국제체제와 글로벌 경제거버넌스에서 자신의 이익, 가치와 열망을 명확히 함으로써, 자신이 새로운 내러티브 환경 변화를 주도하고자 한다. 따라서 새로운 내러티브에 대한 요구가 나타나게 되었고, 시진핑 집권이후 신형대국관계, 신형국제관계, 신실크로드정책(一帶一路)과 인류운명공동체 등 새로운 내러티브가 창출되었다. 특히 시진핑 집권이후 지속적으로 강조하는 중국의 꿈(中國夢) 추구와 그와 관련된 수사(rhetoric)는 중국이 자신만의 고유한 전략적 내러티브를 갖기를 원한다는 명확한 표시이다. 민족부흥으로서 ‘중국의 꿈’은 중국의 역사적 내러티브에 기초하지만 동시에 미래를 지향한다. ‘중국의 꿈’은 “중국이 어디로 가고 있으며, 이 과정에서 중국의 역할은 무엇인가”에 대한 이야기를 담고 있다.
Abstract
This article examines the China's diplomatic narratives Under Xi Jinping’s leadership. It focuses on the concept and analyzes the context of this new narrative : Chinese Dream, community of shared destiny for mankind, new model of international relations, and great power diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. Under Xi’s leadership, foreign policy has been named “great power diplomacy with Chinese characteristics,” which confirms that China’s strategic goal of regaining superpower status remains. The Chinese narrative and policy actions are more vigorously spreading all over the world. At the same time, China extensively promotes Asia as a global centre, trying to bypass or ignore the West. Chinese leaders more openly refer to the country’s ancient tradition from a time when China was the world’s centre. China would like to set the tone and lead the world, which indicates that geopolitical competition will become even more apparent. Under “China’s solution,” Xi would like to export Chinese standards, values and principles as more effective and inclusive than those of the West. There is no doubt that China is already exporting its way of thinking worldwide. The PRC is using soft tools(narratives), influencing other countries directly and indirectly. China seems to be effective in convincing others to buy Chinese rhetoric consciously or unconsciously. The Belt and Road Initiative, known and being discussed globally, is a good example.
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