시민적 도덕성에 미치는 영향요인 분석: 한・중・일 3국을 중심으로
An Analysis of Influencing Factors on Civic Morality: Focused on Korea, China and Japan
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본 연구는 우리사회의 시민적 도덕성 증진에 필요한 영향요인 규명에 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 시민적 도덕성의 양 축인 정치제도와 시민문화에서 강점을 보이는 중국과 일본을 대상으 로 우리사회와 비교하였다. 한・중・일 3국 주민 3,468명을 대상으로 한 분석결과, ① 시민적 도 덕성 수준에 있어 국가별 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 일본이 가장 높고, 한국이 다음이고, 중국이 가장 낮았다. ② 제도적/문화적 인식에도 큰 차이를 보였다. 중국은 정치제도에 대한 믿음이 강했고, 일본은 타인이나 공동체의 도덕성을 매우 높이 평가하는 경향을 보였다. 반면 한국은 정부성과나 사회 도덕성 모두를 아주 낮게 평가하고 있었다. ③ 시민적 도덕성에 미치는 영향 요인에도 국가별 차이를 보였다. 중국은 제도적 요인이 강했고, 한국과 일본은 문화적 요인이 강했다. 한국과 일본 간에도 차이를 보였다. 일본이 한국보다 문화적 요인의 효과가 보다 강하 게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 우리사회의 시민적 도덕성 증진방안으로 정부부 패 척결, 정부성과 제고, 사회 전반에 걸친 도덕적 풍토 조성의 필요성을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to identify the factors that are necessary to promote the civic morality of Korea. To this end, this article compared the results of our society with those of China and Japan, which have strengths in the political system and civic culture. Based on the 3,468 residents in Korea, China, and Japan, the results showed that ① In the levels of civic morality, Korea, China and Japan showed a clear difference. Japan is the highest, Korea is the next, and China is the lowest. ② In the levels of institutional/cultural perceptions, China has a strong belief in political institutions, and Japan has a highly appreciate the morality of others and communities. On the other hand, Korea was evaluating both government performance and social morality very low. ③ Factors affecting civic morality were also different by country. In China, institutional factors exerted a strong influence on civic morality. In Korea and Japan, cultural factors had a strong influence on civic morality. There were also differences between Korea and Japan. The effect of cultural factors was stronger in Japan. Based on these results, this study suggested the necessity of eradicating government corruption, enhancing government performance, and creating a moral climate for society as a way to improve the civic morality of our society.
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