The Making of an EU Strategic Culture: A Case Study on the Mandate Expansion of the Operation Atalanta
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This paper analyses the transformation of the EU’s role in international security, in particular its improvements to Common Security and Defense (CSDP) capacities, as an indicator of the growth of EU strategic culture. After reviewing various perspectives on strategic culture, we articulate how strategic culture is a more flexible and alterable concept than usually thought and that it is changeable in a relatively short period of time under certain conditions. The paper investigates the EU’s Atalanta operations (EUNAVFOR Mission) off the coast of Somalia as a unique case the implementation of which demonstrates the improved consolidation of EU strategic culture. We argue that, despite impediments and hindrances, EU foreign and security elites have utilized both domestic and international pressure and expectations as leverage to change the conditions of policy implementation and mission parameters. Although the EU is still likely to continue to suffer from political, institutional, and financial challenges in advancing a solid supranational strategic culture, the type of leveraging of various pressure―including trans-Atlantic readjustment, security turbulences in Eastern Europe, the Brexit, etc.―can serve to make incremental improvements in the EU’s strategic outlook, which over time could lead it to become a more important security actor in the international system.
Abstract
This paper analyses the transformation of the EU’s role in international security, in particular its improvements to Common Security and Defense (CSDP) capacities, as an indicator of the growth of EU strategic culture. After reviewing various perspectives on strategic culture, we articulate how strategic culture is a more flexible and alterable concept than usually thought and that it is changeable in a relatively short period of time under certain conditions. The paper investigates the EU’s Atalanta operations (EUNAVFOR Mission) off the coast of Somalia as a unique case the implementation of which demonstrates the improved consolidation of EU strategic culture. We argue that, despite impediments and hindrances, EU foreign and security elites have utilized both domestic and international pressure and expectations as leverage to change the conditions of policy implementation and mission parameters. Although the EU is still likely to continue to suffer from political, institutional, and financial challenges in advancing a solid supranational strategic culture, the type of leveraging of various pressure―including trans-Atlantic readjustment, security turbulences in Eastern Europe, the Brexit, etc.―can serve to make incremental improvements in the EU’s strategic outlook, which over time could lead it to become a more important security actor in the international system.
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