영국-아이슬란드 대구 어업분쟁에 관한 평가와 시사점
Evaluation and Implications of the Cod War between England and Iceland*
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본 연구는 대구의 어업권 쟁탈을 목적으로 3차례에 걸쳐 발발한 아이슬란드와 영국 간의 대구 어업분쟁에 관한 평가와 시사점을 도출하여, 이로부터 한국의 영해권 분쟁에 관한 실제와 대응 방안을 추론한 논문이다. 논문의 목적은 국제적으로 첨예한 영해권 분쟁에 효율적으로 대처할 수 있는 거시적 동기 제공에 목적을 두었다. 본 논문에서 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째 오늘날 영해권에 관한 당사국 간의 갈등은 기본적으로 UN 해양법협약(UNCLOS)의 테두리 안에서 해결하여야 한다. 둘째 영해권에 관한 분쟁 해결은 근시적인 정책적 선택에 임하기보다 주변 강대국들 사이에서 중개자의 역할을 도모할 수 있도록 유연한 국가 정책적 혜안을 모색해야 한다. 셋째 최근 영해권 분쟁이 영토와 주권의 문제로 비화 해석되어 국내적으로 파급효가 상당한 실정이므로 실질적인 억지력을 발휘할 수 있는 물리적 자산을 준비하여야 한다. 넷째 영해권 분쟁에 대응하기 위한 효과적인 정책 대안을 마련하기 위해서는 관련 기관의 역량을 다각도에서 집약할 수 있는 네트워크 관리방식의 도입이 필요하다.
Abstract
This study focused on evaluating and providing implications for the cod wars between Iceland and UK that occurred three times for the purpose of securing cod fishing rights. From this, a response plan for Korea's territorial waters dispute was deduced. The purpose of the paper is to provide a response plan that can effectively deal with territorial waters disputes that are emerging internationally. The implications of this paper are as follows. First, today's conflicts between countries regarding territorial waters must be basically resolved within the scope of UNCLOS. Second, in resolving disputes over territorial waters, rather than adopting a myopic policy, we must seek a flexible policy so that we can contribute as a mediator between neighboring powers. Third, recent territorial sea disputes have been interpreted as issues of territory and sovereignty, which has had a significant domestic ripple effect. Accordingly, physical assets that can exert practical deterrence must be prepared. Fourth, in order to establish effective policies to respond to territorial waters disputes, it is necessary to introduce a network management method that can concentrate the capabilities of relevant organizations in various aspects.
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