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층소된 사회정체성 구조에서 정체성 불확실성과 내집단 동일시, 남북한 화해 태도 및 행동의도 간 관계

Relationship between Nested Social Identity Uncertainty, Group Identification, Reconciliatory Attitudes and Intentions in Korea

정지인|이하연|최훈석
한국사회및성격심리학회|2019.12|한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 (Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology)|제33권 제4호|pp. 45-59|DOI 10.21193/kjspp.2019.33.4.003

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키워드

inter-Korean relations집단 간 화해남북한 관계social identity사회정체성다층 사회정체성정체성 불확실성nested identityidentity uncertaintyintergroup reconciliation
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 민족정체성과 국가정체성으로 구분되는 한국인의 다층 사회정체성 불확실성 및 동일시와 남북한 화해에 대한 태도 및 행동의도 간 관계를 분석하였다. 대한민국 거주 일반인 1,000명을 대상으로 조사 연구를 실시한 결과, 한민족정체성과 남한정체성의 불확실성과 동일시, 그리고 남북한 화해에 대한 태도 및 행동의도에서 성별, 연령대, 학력, 거주지역, 소득수준에 따른 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구에서 가설화한 경로모형 검증 결과, 한민족정체성 불확실성은 남한에 대한 동일시와 상관이 없었지만, 남한정체성 불확실성은 한민족에 대한 동일시를 정적으로 예측하고 한민족 동일시가 남북한 화해 태도를 매개로 화해 행동의도를 정적으로 예측하였다. 이는 상위범주와 하위범주 정체성 불확실성과 동일시 간 비대칭적 상보성 가정(Jung, Hogg, & Choi, 2016)을 지지하는 결과이다. 끝으로 본 연구 결과가 남북한 갈등 해소 및 사회통합에서 지니는 함의를 논하였다.

Abstract

The present study examined the relationship between social identity uncertainty and levels of social identification among Koreans whose social identities are nested in a hierarchical structure involving ethnic identity (i.e., Han-ethnicity) and national identity (i.e., South Korean). The presumed link between social identity uncertainty and social identification was tested in a path model that stipulates a positive relationship between ethnic identification (but not national identification) and individuals’ attitudes and action intention toward intergroup reconciliation. Data were obtained from 1,000 adult Koreans residing in Korea using a stratified sampling method. A path analysis revealed that, as expected, subgroup (South Korea) identity uncertainty strengthened identification with the superordinate category (Han-ethnicity), which predicted positively attitudes towards intergroup reconciliation. Attitudes toward intergroup reconciliation, in turn, predicted positively individuals’ intention to engage in reconciliatory behavior. By contrast, superordinate identity (Han-ethnicity) uncertainty did not predict subgroup (South Korea) identification. We also found differences in the attitudes and action intention across several demographic variables. We discuss implications of the findings from the perspective of an asymmetric compensation between superordinate identity uncertainty and subgroup identification in Korea. We also discuss practical implications and future directions.

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