한국인의 이중 사회정체성과 내집단 투사, 남북한 통일태도 간 관계
Relationship Between Dual Social Identity, Ingroup Projection, and Attitudes Toward Unification of Korea
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 상위수준 한민족 범주와 하위수준 국가(남북한) 범주로 구분되는 층소된 사회정체성 구조에서 상위범주-하위범주 동일시 수준 간 상호작용과 내집단 투사, 남북한 통일에 대한 태도 간의 관계를 조사하였다. 한국인들이 남북한을 포섭하는 공동 상위범주인 한민족에 강하게 동일시하더라도 동시에 하위범주인 남한에 강하게 동일시할 경우, 남한이 북한보다 한민족의 전형적이고 필수적인 집단이라고 지각하는 내집단 투사가 발생하며, 내집단 투사는 통일태도를 부적으로 예측할 것으로 예상했다. 이에 더해 내집단 투사를 완화하는 기제로 상위범주와 하위범주 정체성 중심성의 역할을 검증했다. 인구비례할당표집으로 수집된 한국 거주 성인 1,600명의 자료를 분석한 결과, 가설과 일관되게 남한사람들이 한민족과 남한에 동시에 강하게 동일시할수록(즉, 이중 정체성이 우세할수록) 내집단 투사 수준이 높았으며, 이중 정체성은 내집단 투사를 매개로 통일태도를 부적으로 예측했다. 또한, 이중 정체성이 내집단 투사를 예측하는 효과는 구성원들이 하위범주 정체성을 상위범주 정체성보다 중시할 경우 유의했고, 하위범주 정체성을 상대적으로 덜 중시할 경우에는 유의하지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 남북한 관계에 관한 심리학 연구에서 층소된 사회정체성의 효과를 체계적으로 검증해야 하며 이를 반영하는 개입 전략이 필요함을 시사한다.
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationship between dual social identity, ingroup projection, and attitudes toward the unification of Korea. We hypothesized that South Koreans who are characterized as having dual social identity, namely, those who identify themselves strongly with both the superordinate category (i.e., ethnic identity) and the subordinate category (i.e., national identity), would show high levels of ingroup projection, which in turn would predict negatively their attitudes toward unification of North and South Korea. In addition, we examined the moderating effect of the centrality of the superordinate and the subgroup identity on the relationship between dual identity and ingroup projection. Data from a stratified sample of South Korean adults (N = 1,600) revealed that, as expected, ingroup projection negatively mediated the relationship between dual identity and attitudes toward the unification of Korea. Importantly, the relationship between dual identity and ingroup projection was attenuated among those who perceived their superordinate identity as a more central aspect of themselves than their subgroup identity. We discuss the implications of our findings for the role of social identity in social integration research in the context of the unification of Korea.
참고문헌 (63)
- 2020 통일의식조사, "김범수", 서울대학교 통일평화연구원, ~ (2021)
- 김혜숙, "다문화시대 한국인의 심리적 적응: 집단정체성, 문화적응 이데올로기와 접촉이 이주민에 대한 편견에 미치는 영향", 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격, 25(2), pp.51~89 (2011), 한국사회및성격심리학회[DOI]
- 2018년 남북관계와 통일에 대한 국민인식조사, "민족화해협력범국민협의회", 민족화해협력범국민협의회, ~ (2018)
- 2020 한국인의 평화의식, "박주화", 통일연구원, ~ (2020)
- 2019 한국인의 평화의식, "박주화", 통일연구원, ~ (2019)
- 유연재, "‘한집단’ 범주의 점화가 북한사람에 대한 평가에 미치는 영향", 한국심리학회지 : 사회 및 성격, 14(1), pp.91~112 (2000)
- 윤광일, "한국인 국가정체성의 정치심리학", 문화와 정치, 4(4), pp.5~41 (2017), 평화연구소[DOI]
- 이내영, "한국인의 통일의식의 결정요인: 새로운 분석모델의 모색", 평화연구, 22(1), pp.167~206 (2014), 평화와 민주주의연구소
- 이하연, "사회적 신념 및 남북 통일에 대한 태도, 통일정책 지지 간의 관계: 조절 및 매개모형 검증", 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격, 35(4), pp.27~47 (2021), 한국사회및성격심리학회[DOI]
- 최훈석, "통일에 대한 태도 척도 개발 및 타당화 연구", 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 27(3), pp.259~284 (2021), 한국문화및사회문제심리학회[DOI]
- 최훈석, "층소된 사회정체성 구조에서 정체성 불확실성과 내집단 동일시, 남북한 화해 태도 및 행동의도 간 관계", 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격, 33(4), pp.45~59 (2019), 한국사회및성격심리학회[DOI]
- Aiken, L. S., "Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions" (1991), Sage
- Alexandre, J. D., "Complex inclusive categories of positive and negative valence and prototypicality claims in asymmetric intergroup relations", British Journal of Social Psychology, 55, pp.457~483 (2016)[DOI]
- Ashmore, R. D., "An organizing framework for collective identity : Articulation and significance of multidimensionality", Psychological Bulletin, 130, pp.80~114 (2004)[DOI]
- Baron, R. M., "The social psychology of intergroup reconciliation", pp.275~298 (2008), Oxford University Press
- Bar-Tal, D., "From intractable conflict through conflict resolution to reconciliation : Psychological analysis", Political Psychology, 21, pp.351~365 (2000)[DOI]
- Bar-Tal, D., "Sociopsychological foundations of intractable conflicts", American Behavioral Scientist, 50, pp.1430~1453 (2007)[DOI]
- Bar-Tal, D., "Intergroup conflicts and their resolution: A social psychological perspective", pp.217~240 (2011), Psychology Press
- Bar-Tal, D., "The Oxford handbook of political psychology", pp.923~956 (2013), Oxford University Press
- Berthold, A., "Seeing the world with the eyes of the outgroup—The impact of perspective taking on the prototypicality of the ingroup relative to the outgroup", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, pp.1034~1041 (2013)[DOI]
- Cameron, J. E., "A three-factor model of social identity", Self and Identity, 3, pp.239~262 (2004)[DOI]
- Cohen, J., "Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences" (1988), Academic Press
- Cohen, J., "A power primer", Psychological Bulletin, 112, pp.155~159 (1992)[DOI]
- Crane, M. F., "Identity centrality moderates the relationship between acceptance of group-based stressors and well-being", European Journal of Social Psychology, 48, pp.866~882 (2018)[DOI]
- Crisp, R. J., "Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 39)", pp.163~254 (2007), Elsevier Academic Press
- Dovidio, J. F., "European review of social psychology (Vol. 18)", pp.296~330 (2007), Taylor & Francis
- Ehrke, F., "How diversity training can change attitudes : Increasing perceived complexity of superordinate groups to improve intergroup relations", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 53, pp.193~206 (2014)[DOI]
- Ellemers, N., "Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles", pp.452~472 (2021), Guilford Press
- Ellemers, N., "Self-categorisation, commitment to the group and group self esteem as related but distinct aspects of social identity", European Journal of Social Psychology, 29, pp.371~389 (1999)[DOI]
- Gaertner, S. L., "The common ingroup identity model : Recategorization and the reduction of intergroup bias", European Review of Social Psychology, 4, pp.1~26 (1993)[DOI]
- Gaertner, S. L., "Reducing intergroup bias : The benefits of recategorization", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, pp.239~249 (1989)[DOI]
- Hayes, A. F., "Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach" (2018), Guilford publications
- Hogg, M. A., "Intergroup relations and group solidarity : Effects of group identification and social beliefs on depersonalized attraction", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, pp.295~309 (1996)[DOI]
- Jackson, J. W., "Intergroup attitudes as a function of different dimensions of group identification and perceived intergroup conflict", Self and Identity, 1, pp.11~33 (2002)[DOI]
- Johnson, P. O., "Tests of certain linear hypotheses and their application to some educational problems", Statistical Research Memoirs, 1, pp.57~93 (1936)
- Jost, J. T., "A decade of system justification theory : Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo", Political Psychology, 25, pp.881~919 (2004)[DOI]
- Jung, J., "Reaching across the DMZ : Identity uncertainty and reunification on the Korean peninsula", Political Psychology, 37, pp.341~350 (2016)[DOI]
- Jung, J., "Identity uncertainty and UK-Scottish relations : Different dynamics depending on relative identity centrality", Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 21, pp.861~873 (2018)[DOI]
- Kelman, H. C., "The social psychology of intergroup reconciliation", pp.15~32 (2008), Oxford University Press
- Kramer, R. M., "Effects of group identity on resource use in a simulated commons dilemma", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, pp.1044~1057 (1984)[DOI]
- Leach, C. W., "Group-level self-definition and self-investment : A hierarchical(multicomponent)model of in-group identification", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, pp.144~165 (2008)[DOI]
- Mummendey, A., "Social discrimination and tolerance in intergroup relations : Reactions to intergroup difference", Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, pp.158~174 (1999)[DOI]
- Nadler, A., "The Oxford handbook of intergroup conflict", pp.291~308 (2012), Oxford University Press
- Ng Tseung-Wong, C., "Intergroup evaluations, group indispensability and prototypicality judgments : A study in Mauritius", Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 13, pp.621~638 (2010)[DOI]
- Noor, M., "Precursors and mediators of intergroup reconciliation in Northern Ireland : A new model", British Journal of Social Psychology, 47, pp.481~495 (2008)[DOI]
- Oakes, P. J., "Social identity: International perspectives", pp.75~92 (1998), Sage
- Peker, M., "Predictors of ingroup projection : The roles of superordinate category coherence and complexity", Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 13, pp.525~542 (2010)[DOI]
- Podsakoff, P. M., "Common method biases in behavioral research : A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, pp.879~903 (2003)[DOI]
- Roccas, S., "The paradox of group-based guilt : Modes of national identification, conflict vehemence, and reactions to the in-group's moral violations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, pp.698~711 (2006)[DOI]
- Roccas, S., "Toward a unifying model of identification with groups : Integrating theoretical perspectives", Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12, pp.280~306 (2008)[DOI]
- Tajfel, H., "Social identity and intergroup behaviour", Social Science Information, 13, pp.65~93 (1974)[DOI]
- Tajfel, H. E., "Differentiation between social groups: Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations" (1978), Academic Press
- Tajfel, H., "Psychology of intergroup relations", pp.276~293 (1986), Nelson Hall
- Turner, J. C., "Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorisation theory", pp.42~67 (1987), Blackwell
- Turner, J. C., "Handbook of theories of social psychology (Vol. 2)", pp.399~417 (2012), SAGE Publications Ltd
- Verkuyten, M., "The multicultural jigsaw puzzle : Category indispensability and acceptance of immigrants’ cultural rights", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, pp.1480~1493 (2014)[DOI]
- Waldzus, S., "Inclusion in a superordinate category, in-group prototypicality, and attitudes towards out-groups", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, pp.466~477 (2004)[DOI]
- Waldzus, S., "Of bikers, teachers and Germans : Groups' diverging views about their prototypicality", British Journal of Social Psychology, 43, pp.385~400 (2004)[DOI]
- Waldzus, S., "Towards tolerance : Representations of superordinate categories and perceived ingroup prototypicality", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, pp.31~47 (2003)[DOI]
- Wenzel, M., "European review of social psychology (Vol. 15)", pp.219~257 (2004), Taylor & Francis
- Wenzel, M., "European review of social psychology (Vol. 18)", pp.331~372 (2007), Taylor & Francis
- Wenzel, M., "The ingroup as pars pro toto : Projection from the ingroup onto the inclusive category as a precursor to social discrimination", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, pp.461~473 (2003)[DOI]
- Wenzel, M., "The Cambridge handbook of the psychology of prejudice", pp.65~89 (2017), Cambridge University Press
