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관점취하기 초점이 외집단에 대한 동맹행동 의도에 미치는 영향: 인지-초점과 정서-초점의 비교

Effects of Perspective-Taking Foci on Allyship Intention in An Intergroup Context: Comparison between A Thinking-Focus versus A Feeling-Focus

최훈석|도은별
한국사회및성격심리학회|2022.05|한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 (Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology)|제36권 제2호|pp. 145-163|DOI 10.21193/kjspp.2022.36.2.004

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참고문헌

키워드

perspective-taking관점취하기동맹행동개인적 관련성집단 간 지각allyshippersonal relevanceintergroup perception
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 고지위 집단 구성원이 저지위 외집단 구성원의 관점을 취하는 과정에서 대상의 정서에 초점을 두는 것(정서-초점 관점취하기)과 생각에 초점을 두는 것(인지-초점 관점취하기)이 동맹행동 의도에 미치는 효과와 그 심리적 기제를 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 남성 대학생을 대상으로 취업 장면에서 차별을 받는 또래 여성 대학생의 관점을 취하게 하였다. 연구 1(N = 80)과 연구 2(N = 81)를 통해 정서-초점 관점취하기가 인지-초점 관점취하기보다 성차별 해소를 위한 동맹행동 의도를 높이며, 이 효과를 성차별 문제에 관한 개인적 관련성 지각이 매개함을 관찰하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 집단 간 공감과 관련하여 본 연구의 시사점 및 장래 연구 방향을 논의하였다.

Abstract

The present research examined the role of perspective-taking foci (i.e., feeling-focus vs. thinking-focus) in an intergroup context involving differences in social status (i.e., males vs. females). Building on previous research on intergroup empathy, we stipulated that, compared to those who take the perspective of an outgroup target (i.e., a female) with a feeling-focus, males taking the perspective of the target with a thinking-focus would experience stronger intergroup perceptions about the target. This heightened awareness of ingroup/outgroup distinction engendered by a thinking-focus in perspective-taking was expected to lower the perceived personal relevance of gender inequality on the part of a male perspective-taker, leading to weak intentions to participate in allyship behavior for females. In Study 1 (N = 80) and Study 2 (N = 81), we asked male college students in Korea to take the perspective of a female target experiencing gender discrimination at work either by focusing on what she might be thinking or how she might be feeling in such a situation. We then asked the participants to indicate the perceived personal relevance of gender discrimination in Korea and their intention to engage in allyship for females. Results indicated, as expected, that allyship intention was weaker in the thinking-focus condition than in the feeling-focus condition, and this effect was mediated by the perceived personal relevance of the issue. Based on these results, implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.

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