교화 및 재사회화를 위한 수형자의 재범위험성 평가에 대한 재고찰 - 미국 연방수형자의 교화 및 재사회화 법률을 중심으로 -

Abstract

Recently, the Formerly Incarcerated Reenter Society Transformed Safely Transitioning Every Person Act(FSA) was enacted in the United States, the first attempt in sentencing and judicial reform. The main contents of the law are the development of a risk and needs assessment system for use in federal prisons to systematically classify prisoners and use programs related to recidivism reduction and resocialization in accordance with these criteria to prevent and It is to promote social safety. In other words, this act is for classifying prisoners on the basis of the degree of risk of committing crimes after being released from prison and consequently, devising a reduction program and a program to help re-socialization. Such attempts to corrective reform in the United States seem to have great significance in Korea’s correctional reality, which is being overcrowded due to the excessive punishment of criminal punishment and the high recidivism rate. The US FSA, which identifies the causes of overcrowding of correctional facilities and suggests a long-term improvement plan, is useful in pointing out the problems of overcrowding of correctional facilities in Korea and preparing a solution. Ultimately, for the safety of society, it is not a strong punishment for crime, but it is possible to increase the effect of correction and rehabilitation on prisoners by systematically preparing re-socialization and re-socialization programs for criminals by identifying re-experience. In Korea, it is necessary to reconsider the predictive validity of the calibration forecast indicators(called as CO-REPI), which is the current assessment tool for risk of recidivism rate in Korea. In particular, it is necessary to examine not only the aspects of defending society from the risk of criminals but also the social needs to re-socialize and integrate them into the community through the re-experience program. In addition, it is necessary to secure a system that encourages the development of new programs and participation in programs that can reflect the wills and efforts of the prisoners rather than unilaterally classifying and treating them.