불교 사구와 서구논리학의 비교연구

Abstract

The theme of this study is a comparison between Buddhism and Wonhyo's interpretation of the four dialectic propositions and Western formal logic, dialectical logic, and transcendental logic. The 14-no-thinking[十四無記] of Buddha's consistent silence on the four dialectic propositions subject of non-Buddhist based on reality and Nāgārjuna's 『The Mūlamadhyamakakārikā』’s consistent negation of four dialectic propositions, have a consistent flow of negation of four dialectic propositions. It can be said that Wonhyo's affirmation of four dialectic propositions based on existence not different from emptiness[不異空之有] represents the opposite attitude of four dialectic propositions interpretation. This difference occurs because the former is based on differential[異的] recognition based on difference, and the latter is based on non-differential[不異的] recognition based on non-difference. Meanwhile, In the comparison of Western logic and four dialectic propositions, Aristotle's formal logic is based on the three major laws of identity, noncontradiction, and excluded middle. However, the concept of identity itself can be said to correspond to existence[有] of the first propositions based on the recognition of existence different from emptiness[異空之有], this corresponds to the non-Buddhist of Shancia[數論外道] of the six heterodox teachers. Hegel's dialectical logic represents the development of thought according to the triadic rhythm of thesis-antithesis-synthesis on the premise that the virtual images according to the dynamic self-reflection of the concept of substance(essence) are the same. By introducing negation as a core concept of logic, it can be said to correspond to the non-existence[非有] of the second proposition, and this can be said to correspond to the Vaisheshika[勝論外道] of six heterodox teachers. Kant's transcendental logic presented the a priori conditions of knowledge that make experience possible. The four basic forms of judgment and category, the separation and synthesis of a priori and experience, the thing-in-itself and the phenomenon, the intellect and the experiential body, and the four antinomies are non-differential[不異的] and show the basic forms of Buddhist four dialectic propositions. It can be said to have the most similar characteristics in terms of form and content.