한국기업의 R&D 투자와 자금조달 제약도 분석: 상장기업과 비상장기업 비교
R&D Investment and Financing Constraints: Publicly Listed versus Privately Held Firms in Korea
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초록
R&D 투자는 유형자산 투자보다 자금조달 제약에 민감하며, 각 기업은 상장 여부에 따라 각각 다른 자금조달 제약에 직면할 수 있다. 본 연구는 기업체 수준의 재무자료를 이용해 유가증권시장 및 코스닥시장 상장기업과 비상장 기업이 R&D 투자를 위한 자금조달에 있어서 어떤 제약을 가지고 있는지 분석한다. 분석 결과, 현금흐름과 장기 부채발행은 상장, 비상장 여부와 관련 없이 모든 기업에서 R&D 투자를 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기업들이 현금흐름을 소진하고 장기부채를 R&D 투자를 위한 한계자금으로 사용한다는 것을 시사한다. 한편 주식발행 규모가 큰 유가증권시장 및 코스닥시장 상장기업은 주식발행을 R&D 투자를 위한 한계자금으로 사용하지 않고, 주식발행 규모가 상대적으로 작은 비상장 기업은 주식발행이 R&D 투자를 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
R&D investment is more susceptible to financing constraints than other forms of investment are. The degrees and types of financing constraints may differ depending on whether a firm is publicly traded, and if it is listed, on the stock exchange where it is listed. To examine whether Korean firms face heterogeneous binding financing constraints, we split the firms into three groups (firms listed on KOSPI, those listed on KOSDAQ, and firms held privately) and estimate a dynamic R&D model. We find a significant effect of both cash flows and debt issues on R&D investment for all groups of firms, whereas stock issues significantly affect only private firms’ R&D investment.
참고문헌 (34)
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