지구기후변화와 기업행위규약
Climate Change and Corporate Codes of Conduct in Financial Market
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우리 정부는 2009년 1월 녹색금융을 신성장동력의 하나로 선정했다. 또한 2010년 1월 '저탄소 녹색성장 기본법'을 제정하여 녹색경제 및 녹색산업 지원 등과 관련한 금융시책의 수립ㆍ시행을 규정했다. 2012년 환경분야의 세계은행이라고 불리는 녹색기후기금(GCF) 사무국을 인천 송도에 유치했다. 기후변화문제를 둘러싸고 있는 난제를 해결하기 위해 금융시장의 역할이 주목받고 있는 상황이 전개되고 있다. 그리하여 금융부문의 능력과 자원을 기업의 사회적 및 환경적 행위를 변화시키기 위한 기폭제로 사용하는 사회책임투자활동은 점차 기후변화에도 관심을 갖게 되었다. 사회책임투자 운동은 다양한 투자행위규약의 확대를 통해 하부구조의 개선에 관심을 집중시키고 있다. 이 논문에서는 기후변화에 대한 사회책임투자의 기여정도를 평가하고, 특히 사회책임투자와 관련된 행위규약들이 지구기후변화문제에 대응하는 방법을 개선하는 효과적인 수단이 될 수 있는가 여부를 검토했다. 지구기후변화문제에 대한 액션의 활성화를 위한 사회책임투자의 수용능력과 투자기관의 수탁자 의무에 대한 개혁조치 등을 포함하는 기후금융시장에 대한 정부규제의 필요성 전반을 살펴보았다.
Abstract
Private financial sectors are playing important role in environmental regulation in these days, Evidence suggests that in recent years aspects of environmental protection have become of interest to financial organizations, both in terms of their own use of internal resources and control of their client's environmental activities. In relation to climate change, financiers are praised for their ability to help price climate risks and facilitate investment in renewable energy and efficient technologies. The investment community increasingly perceives some action on climate change as in its financial self-interest. Beyond risk management, climate change also creates new market opportunities for the financial sector. Some Corporate Codes of Conduct exemplify the capacity of the financial sector to create mechanisms for climate finance. Governments by themselves do not have the capital resources to address the necessary speed of the transition to a low-carbon economy. The shifting rationale for SRI has been paralleled by complementary changes in its methods. The strict screening and shareholder activism that were characteristic of the style of SRI have given way to more polite and flexible methods of responsible investing. In these days, social investors tend to select those firms that are 'best-of-sector.' Investors holding long-term positions also sometimes prefer to influence corporate behavior through exercise of shareholder rights and dialogue. In place of forceful shareholder advocacy, social investors today often prefer courteous engagement with corporate management and behind-the-scenes, informal dialogue.
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