曲亭馬琴の「懲悪」と読本の世界 『椿説弓春月』と『南総里見八犬伝』における<悪>の問題

Abstract

In Bakin’s Yomihon, the view that the logic of the good triumphing over the evil and that what goes around comes around governs the work has been regarded as the common opinion. In addition, the good triumphing over the evil has been analyzed in the viewpoint of ideology of Confucianism in the Edo era. Because the writer Bakin is a writer in the Edo era, Yomihon he wrote as well has been discussed in this viewpoint. Rather than analyses of the contents of the work, antiquated ideological interpretation has been the main. However, although the Edo-era was the premodern society, the society should not be determined as only a simple Confucian society. Of course, the term the good triumphing over the evil can be seen as Confucian ideology for edification. However, it is thought that analysis of the intrinsic characteristics of the evil in the work not through such Confucian ideas is also an important job. Nakamura Yukihiko indicates that the charm of Bakin’s Yomihon is the description of evil. The writer also thinks that the evil in Bakin’s Yomihon has large width which cannot be easily understood only with Confucian ideas. Namely, it can be seen that the evil of Bakin is closely related with the context of non-Confucian society. Based on such critical mind, this thesis analyzed the world of Yumiharizuki and Hakkenden in the viewpoint of evil not in the viewpoint of good. The description of evil of Yumiharizuki has an influence on the formation of the ideology of the good triumphing over the evil. By tracing such a process, the problem of evil in the work was contemplated. The good triumphing over the evil shown in the work Hakkenden was not regarded as the purpose of edification in the Confucian society. The fact that the absolute good and evil theory governs the work was discovered by analyzing many villains who appear in the work. Especially, under the good triumphing over the evil that supports the absolute good and evil theory, the story that virtuous men were thoroughly virtuous men, and the wicked are thoroughly the wicked is composed. The wicked are in blood relationship between father and son, or between mother and daughter or spirit of evil resurrects to become the wicked. The fact that such shaping of the wicked was the characteristics of Bakin’s Yomihon was analyzed. Like the above, this thesis contemplated the good triumphing over the evil of Bakin’s Yomihon with the concept of absolute good and evil not with the traditional ideological viewpoint.