조선시대 이상기후와 관련된 제주민의 해양 활동

Abstract

This study analyses marine activities of people in Jeju Island against abnormal climates during Chosun Dynasty. The most influential factor on their marine activities was wind. They used the east wind and the south wind when they sailed from Jeju to the Korean Peninsula, and the north wind and the north-west wind, vice versa. There were many marine accidents due to abrupt high winds and head winds in the near sea of Jeju. The most frequent place at which Jeju people arrived due to those accidents was China, followed by Japan and Okinawa in order. Foreign people also used to arrive at Jeju due to strong winds near Jeju, among whom the number of Chinese was the most, followed by Japanese and Okinawa people in order, and there arrived even European, Philippino. There was a system for repatriation of those castaways between Chosun, China and Japan, so they could return their country by certain route. Jeju people prepared and sailed against bad weathers, including keeping life belts, emergency rations and lifeboats in case of sinking or drifting. In the second month of the lunar calendar, which is the transition season of winter and spring, the climate is capricious and there are a lot of strong winds, so, in the month, Jeju people performed a kind of a climate culture, ‘Yeongdeung Gut’, where they welcomed, and bid a farewell to, Yeongdeung Halmang’who was considered as a wind god.