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겨울 황사기간 중 한국, 강릉시의 시간별 가스상 오염물질 농도의 변화 특성 -2005년 2월 14~16일 사례-

Characteristics of Hourly Variation of Gaseous Pollutant Concentration at Gangneung, Korea for Yellow Sand Event Period in Winter - Case Study of February 14~16, 2005 -

최효
기후연구소 (KU Climate Research Institute)|2011.02|기후연구 (Journal of Climate Research)|제6권 제1호|pp. 59-76

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참고문헌

키워드

CO열적내부경계층thermal internal boundary layernocturnal surface inversion layerPM_10PM_2.5PM_1NO_xO_x해·곡풍대류경계층중력풍육풍해양대기경계층야간접지역전층sea-valley winddownslope wind

초록

겨울철 중국 북부의 황사가 강릉시로 유입되는 2005년 2월 14~16일까지 에어로졸분석기와 복합공기수신실험기를 사용하여 매 시각별 가스상 물질(CO, NO_x, O_x)의 농도와 입자상 물질의 농도(PM_10, PM_2.5, PM1)와의 관계를 조사하였다. PM_10, PM_2.5와 PM_1의 농도가 증가할 때 CO, NO_x, O_x 농도가 증가하였다. 2월14일 20시에 PM_10, PM_2.5와 PM_1의 최대농도가 133.24μg/m^3, 53.49μg/m^3, 43.48μg/m^3로 나타났으며, CO, NO_x, O_x의 최대농도도 각각 14,000ppb, 122ppb, 64ppb로 나타냈다. 15일 01시에 또 하나의 PM_10, PM_2.5와 PM_1의 최대농도가 86.88μg/m^3, 45.56μg/m^3, 36.70μg/m^3로 나타났을 때, CO, NO_x, O_x의 최대농도가 각각 15,000ppb, 119ppb, 52ppb로 나타났다. 따라서 가스상물질인 CO, NO_x가 응축과정을 통해 입자상물질로 전환되어 PM의 농도의 증가에 큰 기여를 하였다. 낮에는 중국에서 유입된 황사 및 가스와 지역에서 방출된 대기오염물질이 결합되어 동풍의 해.곡풍에 의해 대관령의 동쪽 사면의 열적내부경계층 내를 통해 대관령 정상으로 이동하므로 PM과 가스농도가 낮았다. 그러나 야간에 수송된 오염물질들이 하강경사풍에 의해 대관령에서 강릉으로 이동하여 지역의 차량, 난방보일러의 배기가스와 도로의 비산먼지와 결합되고, 동풍의 해상풍에 의해 시내의 야간접지역전층 내에 갇히게 되어 PM과 가스농도가 매우 높게 나타났다.

Abstract

Using both Aerosol Sampler and Multi-Air Monitoring Laboratory System, the relationship of hourly variations of gas (CO, NO_x, O_x) and particulate matter (PM_10, PM_2.5 and PM_1) concentrations were investigated on February 14~15, 2005, under the transportation of yellow sand from the northern China toward Gangneung city. When PM_10, PM_2.5 and PM_1 concentrations increased, gaseous (CO, NO_x, O_x) concentrations also increased and vice verse. At 2000LST, February 14, maximum concentrations of PM_10, PM_2.5 and PM_1 occurred with 133.24μg/m^3, 53.49μg/m^3 and 43.48μg/m^3, and maximum ones of CO, NO_x and O_x were 14,000ppb, 122ppb and 64ppb, respectively. When another maximum concentrations of PM_10, PM_2.5, and PM1 occurred at 0100LST, February 15 with 86.88μg/m^3, 45.56μg/m^3, 36.70μg/m^3, those of CO, NO_x and O_x concentrations were 15,000ppb, 119ppb and 52ppb, respectively. Thus, particulate matters transferred by the condensation processes of gaseous might make a great contribution of the increase of PM concentrations. During the day, as the transported yellow dusts and gases from China combined with locally emitted ones could move toward the top of Mt. Taegulyang inside thermal internal boundary layer of its eastern slope by easterly sea-valley wind, PM and gases concentrations were low at the city. However, at night, as the transported pollutants moved toward Gangneung city under a downslope wind and combined with locally emitted pollutants from vehicles and heating boilers and flying dusts from the road, they were accumulated and trapped inside nocturnal surface inversion layer at the city by easterly marine wind, resulting in high concentrations of PM and gaseous.

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