총신 올리바레스(Olivares) 시대의 포르투갈인 콘베르소와 종교재판소
The Portuguese New Christians and the Inquisition in the time of the favourite Olivares
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The Portuguese New Christians were descendants of the Jews who had been banished by the Catholic Monarchs and maintained their own religious identity despite the forced conversion and inquisitional persecution in Portugal. They were invited to Spain by the Count-Duke of Olivares, who wanted to substitute Genoese bankers for them since the economic collapse in 1627. For this, Olivares, a favorite of Felipe IV could not help offering favors including forgiveness and an exemption from the Spanish Inquisition. In this way, they stood out not only as financiers in the court but also as bankers, tax collectors, traders, and so on in cities and ports, which provoked Spanish people’s rage and fear, since they were suspected as spies or the fifth column. The favourite’s opposite party took advantage of this anti-Judaism to attack the government, in which Francisco de Quevedo was noted. The Count-Duke of Olivares wanted to take control over the converted through the Inquisition, of which structure was solid because of the officials who could be mobilized from every corner of the country. In this aspect, the Inquisitional activity was rather originated from the policy than its own doctrine, which was recovered after Olivares’ downfall in 1643.
Abstract
The Portuguese New Christians were descendants of the Jews who had been banished by the Catholic Monarchs and maintained their own religious identity despite the forced conversion and inquisitional persecution in Portugal. They were invited to Spain by the Count-Duke of Olivares, who wanted to substitute Genoese bankers for them since the economic collapse in 1627. For this, Olivares, a favorite of Felipe IV could not help offering favors including forgiveness and an exemption from the Spanish Inquisition. In this way, they stood out not only as financiers in the court but also as bankers, tax collectors, traders, and so on in cities and ports, which provoked Spanish people’s rage and fear, since they were suspected as spies or the fifth column. The favourite’s opposite party took advantage of this anti-Judaism to attack the government, in which Francisco de Quevedo was noted. The Count-Duke of Olivares wanted to take control over the converted through the Inquisition, of which structure was solid because of the officials who could be mobilized from every corner of the country. In this aspect, the Inquisitional activity was rather originated from the policy than its own doctrine, which was recovered after Olivares’ downfall in 1643.
참고문헌 (20)
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