올리바레스 개혁 정책의 실패와 스페인 체제의 위기
Olivares’ Reform Policy and The Crisis of Spanish System in Europe
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Don Gaspar de Guzmán, Count -Duke of Olivares(1587-1645) was the principal minister and favourite of Philip IV of Spain, and for two decades he guided the destinies of the country that was still the greatest power in the world. Olivares struggled to maintain Spanish hegemony at a time when the traditional foundations of Spain’s power were being eroded, and Spain itself was increasingly being perceived as a great power in decline. This study is mainly analyzed with Olivares' reform policies and its effects in Europe. He made enormous efforts to restrain the process of decline by an ambitious programme of domestic and foreign policies. However it clearly becomes an epic of titanic and ultimately unsuccessful struggle, culminating in personal tragedy and national disaster when the Count-Duke met his match in his great French rival, Cardinal Richelieu. France replaced Spain as the leading European power and occupied European hegemony, which means ‘Bourbon ascendency’ and ‘Hapsburgs decline’. For all the Count-Duke’s enormous historical importance, there has rarely made some attempts to study in his political aspirations and his career as a statesman. Although his efforts and policies mostly failed and the result was disaster for Spain, but it is important to remember that no one else could have done any better in the age of decline.
Abstract
Don Gaspar de Guzmán, Count -Duke of Olivares(1587-1645) was the principal minister and favourite of Philip IV of Spain, and for two decades he guided the destinies of the country that was still the greatest power in the world. Olivares struggled to maintain Spanish hegemony at a time when the traditional foundations of Spain’s power were being eroded, and Spain itself was increasingly being perceived as a great power in decline. This study is mainly analyzed with Olivares' reform policies and its effects in Europe. He made enormous efforts to restrain the process of decline by an ambitious programme of domestic and foreign policies. However it clearly becomes an epic of titanic and ultimately unsuccessful struggle, culminating in personal tragedy and national disaster when the Count-Duke met his match in his great French rival, Cardinal Richelieu. France replaced Spain as the leading European power and occupied European hegemony, which means ‘Bourbon ascendency’ and ‘Hapsburgs decline’. For all the Count-Duke’s enormous historical importance, there has rarely made some attempts to study in his political aspirations and his career as a statesman. Although his efforts and policies mostly failed and the result was disaster for Spain, but it is important to remember that no one else could have done any better in the age of decline.
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