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배아연구와 인간의 존엄과 가치 - 헌재 2010.5.27. 선고, 2005헌마346 전원재판부 결정에 대한 검토 -

The Debate on Human Embryo Research and Human Dignity(Human Right to Life) - The Constitutional Court Decision on May. 27. 2010, case no. 2005 heonma 346 -

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법학연구소 (The Institute of Legal Studies Konkuk University)|2011.03|원광법학|제27권 제1호|pp. 243-270

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생명권인간의 존엄과 가치배아연구생명윤리법줄기세포 연구Human Dignity배아의 법적 지위헌재 2010.5.27. 선고2005헌마346 전원재판부 결정Human Embryo ResearchLegal Status of the EmbryoThe Right to Life of EmbryoStem Cell researchBioethics & Biosafety ActThe Constitutional Court Decision on May. 27. 2010;case no. 2005 heonma 346

초록

One of the understanding the latest issues in bioethics is stem cell research used embryos, which is being discussed intensely in society from all corners of the earth. Embryos are used in various techniques of assisted reproductive technology, such as in vitro fertilization and embryo donation. They may be subject to embryo cryopreservation for later use if IVF procedures have resulted in more embryos than is currently needed. Some aspects, e.g. selective reduction in the beginning of pregnancy have triggered a moral debate, because prenatal diagnosis or preimplantation diagnosis involves testing embryos for diseases or conditions. At the same time, human embryos are being researched to determine their use in treating diseases. Stem cell research, reproductive cloning, and germline engineering are all currently being explored. The morality of this research is also debated because an embryo is commonly sacrificed. That is to say, this research cannot be divorced from ethical problems since it requires the destruction of eggs of fertilized eggs. Lively debates have been held over which should be more respected, freedom of research or human dignity(the right to life of embryo). Some insist that a human embryo can't have the right to life and human dignity since it is not considered viable organism, because it cannot survive outside the uterus. Others say that though embryo has the right to life or the human dignity, the human dignity and embryo research are compatible. Recently, many nations said “yes” to human embryonic stem cell research, signing an executive order to permit funding for the research in the mame of achieving health and life of humankind. However human dignity and mankind’'s diversity attacked by an indiscreet research which is such an important characteristic of the ‘'human status’' would become meaningless, that is, it is a threat to human existence. After all, though we allow to do research embryo, we should control the capacity of abuse of embryo research for human dignity. Also we must always be careful of violating of human dignity in that there is still eugenical discrimination by embryo research through the creation of human iPS (induced Pluripotent Stem cells) and artificial abortion in use of PGD(preimplatation genetic diagnosis).

Abstract

One of the understanding the latest issues in bioethics is stem cell research used embryos, which is being discussed intensely in society from all corners of the earth. Embryos are used in various techniques of assisted reproductive technology, such as in vitro fertilization and embryo donation. They may be subject to embryo cryopreservation for later use if IVF procedures have resulted in more embryos than is currently needed. Some aspects, e.g. selective reduction in the beginning of pregnancy have triggered a moral debate, because prenatal diagnosis or preimplantation diagnosis involves testing embryos for diseases or conditions. At the same time, human embryos are being researched to determine their use in treating diseases. Stem cell research, reproductive cloning, and germline engineering are all currently being explored. The morality of this research is also debated because an embryo is commonly sacrificed. That is to say, this research cannot be divorced from ethical problems since it requires the destruction of eggs of fertilized eggs. Lively debates have been held over which should be more respected, freedom of research or human dignity(the right to life of embryo). Some insist that a human embryo can't have the right to life and human dignity since it is not considered viable organism, because it cannot survive outside the uterus. Others say that though embryo has the right to life or the human dignity, the human dignity and embryo research are compatible. Recently, many nations said “yes” to human embryonic stem cell research, signing an executive order to permit funding for the research in the mame of achieving health and life of humankind. However human dignity and mankind’'s diversity attacked by an indiscreet research which is such an important characteristic of the ‘'human status’' would become meaningless, that is, it is a threat to human existence. After all, though we allow to do research embryo, we should control the capacity of abuse of embryo research for human dignity. Also we must always be careful of violating of human dignity in that there is still eugenical discrimination by embryo research through the creation of human iPS (induced Pluripotent Stem cells) and artificial abortion in use of PGD(preimplatation genetic diagnosis).

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