石泉 申綽의 『 古文尙書』에 대한 견해 연구

Abstract

The debates of contemporary and old texts of Confucian Classics have been popular topics and 『Shang Shu』 has been the most controversial scriptures. It was the Sung Dynasty when many scholars in China started to doubt the authenticity of 『Go Wen Shang Shu』to raise problems. As a result, Yeom Ya Geo of the Qing Dynasty used highly detailed literature to publish 『Discussion of Go Wen Shang Shu』 and argue that 『Go Wen Shang Shu』 had been forged. The scholars of Choseon also began to have doubts about『Go Wen Shang Shu』in the 17th Century. Seokcheon Shin Jak was influenced by the study of ancient documents and adopted the methodology to ‘restore the old with the old [以古訂古]’ to study the scriptures. He indirectly expressed his opinion based on complete discussion of resources from the Hun and Wei Dynasties. He studied 『Shang Shu』 to write four books of 『Seochago』: 『Old Shang Shu』・『Sang Shu Go Zhu』・『25 Pieces of Sang Shu』・『100 Pieces of Shang Shu』. The current study mostly studied 『25 Pieces of Sang Shu』, which discussed 『Go Wen Shang Shu』 from 『Seochago』of Seokcheon Shin Jak and analyzed the text by supplementing the related resources from his collections to examine his opinion about the 25 pieces of 『Go Wen Shang Shu』. Shin Jak stated that 『Go Wen Shang Shu』 that had been found in the walls of Confucius’ residence was not practiced in the world, but adopted during the Riot of Red Eyebrows. He argued that the current『Go Wen Shang Shu』 was not written by Maesaek, but the 25 pieces were supplemented during the Wei and Chin Dynasties. The people from the latter generations misunderstood them as the authentic and wrote 『Go Wen Shang Shu Gong Jeon』 in the Wei Dynasty by adding his opinion to the notes of Mayung, Jeong Hyeon, and Want Sook. Even through the current 『Go Wen Shang Shu Gong Jeon』 of the Wei Dynasty was not authentic, he claimed that the sentences were sophisticated and helpful for the study of scriptures. He analyzed that the current 「Sunjeon」 was originally the back part of 「Yojeon」 and the episodes of 「Sunjeon」 in『Go Wen Shang Shu』 from the walls of the Confucius’ residence were the episodes mentioned in『Mencius』. The two phrases of 16-letter Laws of Mind of 「Daeumo」 were excerpted from 「Haepye」 of『Hsun-tzu』. It was not originally from 『Shang Shu』, but from a separate piece of literature titled “Dogyeong.” The last two phrases excerpted『Shang Shu』 from Mayung’s 『Chunggyeong』. He suggested that 「Tanggo」 contains two pieces, one about the conquest of Geol and the other about wishing for rain. The conquest of Geol was originally titled 「Tangseo」, but later changed to 「Tanggo」. The story about wishing for rain excerpted in 『Mukja』 was deleted by Confucius and was not succeeded. He firmly stated that 「Taeseo」 was not authentic, but it was not eliminated by many scholars of the past as it was still deemed valuable. Shin Jak claimed that the current『Go Wen Shang Shu Gong Jeon』was not authentic, but shall not be eliminated as it has been succeeded as scriptures and it is valid and reasonably written as scriptures. However, he intended to correct the errors and examine the original as it was not the authentic version from the walls of Confucius’ residence.