사료 주머니의 공극 크기가 in vitro 반추위 내 발효성상에 미치는 영향
Different Pore Size of Filter Bags Containing Feed Samples Changed Rumen Fermentation Characteristics in an in Vitro System
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사료의 생물학적 평가 방법 중 in vitro 발효 평가는 사료 주머니를 사용하는 방법과 사료 주머니 없이 배양병에 직접 사료를 담아 수행하는 방법이 있으며, 본 연구에서는 사료 주머니의 공극 차이가 in vitro 반추위 발효성상과 미생물 조성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 본 연구의 공시 사료는 1mm로 분쇄된 쌀과 대두박, 티모시를 70:7:23의 비율로 이용하였으며, 공극 크기가 각각 25µm, 50µm인 F57과 R510에 공시 사료를 2g씩 담아 in vitro 실험을 수행하였다. In vitro 배양 이후 3, 6, 12, 24, 48h 동안 발생한 발효 성상과 48h 배양 이후 반추 미생물의 조성을 분석하였다. 모든 배양 시간에서 가스 발생량은 R510에서 F57보다 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.01), 건물 소화율(p<0.01)과 섬유소 소화율(p<0.01) 또한 R510에서 F57보다 유의적으로 높았다. 반면, pH(p<0.01)와 NH3-N(p<0.01)은 F57에 비해 R510에서 유의적으로 낮았다. Acetate와 butyrate 비율은 R510에서 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.01), propionate 비율과 총 VFA 발생량은 두 처리구 간 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다(propionate, p=0.55; Total VFA, p=0.25). General bacteria와 protozoa의 총량에서는 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았고(general bacteria, p=0.69; protozoa, p=0.94), fungi의 총량은 F57보다 R510에서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 따라서, R510에서 높았던 가스 발생량과 영양소 소화율, acetate, butyrate 비율을 토대로, in vitro 발효 평가에서 R510을 사용하는 것이 F57 사용에 비해 실제 반추위 발효 성상을 더 정확히 반영할 수 있다고 판단된다.
Abstract
In in vitro fermentation studies, feed samples can either be included in the in vitro rumen medium using filter bags or can be directly dispersed. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different pore sizes of filter bags on the rumen fermentation characteristics in an in vitro system. Corn, soybean meal, and timothy were ground to pass through a 1.0-mm screen and were formulated in the ratio of 70:7:23 based on DM, respectively. The formulated experimental diet (2g/DM) was put in F57 filter bags and R510 nylon bags (Ankom®) which pore sizes were 25 and 50 µm, respectively. An in vitro study was conducted to determine the rumen fermentation characteristics for 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h and rumen microbial community at 48 h of incubation. A significantly higher production of gas was observed in the R510 bags than in F57 at all the incubation times (p<0.01). IVDMD (p<0.01) and IVNDFD (p<0.01) were significantly higher, whereas pH (p<0.01) and NH3-N (p<0.01) were lower when R510 bags were used. In the VFA composition, acetate and butyrate were significantly higher (p<0.01) in R510 bags, and propionate and total VFA concentration did not differ (p=0.55 and 0.25, respectively) between F57 and R510 bags. The log copy numbers of bacteria and protozoa did not differ (p=0.69 and 0.94, respectively) between F57 and R510 bags, whereas those of fungi were significantly higher in R510 than in F57 bags (p<0.01). Therefore, the use of R510 may reflect actual rumen fermentation characteristics more precisely than those of F57 because increased gas production, nutrient digestibility and acetate, butyrate proportion were founded in R510.
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