역사적 유물론의 원본으로서 마르크스 역사철학의 기원과 그 의미 : ‘독일이데올로기 초고들’의 텍스트 편집사를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper focuses on the understanding of Karl Marx’s Philosophy of History as the root of Historical Materialism based on editorial structure and arrangement of MEGA2 Ⅰ-5. To achieve this objective, I begin by comparing the prefaces of MEGA1 Ⅰ-5 (1932), MEW 3 (1958), and MEJ (2003) editions with regards to their usage of philosophical terminology, interpretation of the text corpus, and organization of manuscripts. As the authoritative publishing institutions responsible for reproducing the Manuscripts of German Ideology, the editors introduced the terms “historical materialism” and “materialistic understanding of history” while imparting their individual interpretations. The disparities between these interpretations will be identified in this initial phase. In a second step, I delve into Marx’s writing process as he engages with Max Stirner’s notable work, “The Ego and Its Own,” a text that encapsulates Stirner's intellectual discourse with Feuerbach. Marx extensively examines the perspectives of both philosophers, ultimately formulating his own deductions in what is commonly referred to as the “Manuscript of St. Max.” This particular manuscript is widely regarded as the foundational cornerstone of the Manuscripts of German Ideology. In summary, Marx’s philosophy of history finds its roots in his discerning analysis of the anthropological discourse between Stirner and Feuerbach. Within his commentary, Marx introduces crucial criteria for critically evaluating the prevailing philosophical and religious constructs of humanity, along with the notion of “history as embodied by living individuals.” Drawing upon these findings, Marx constructs the theoretical foundations of his historical philosophy.