발효유의 급여가 포유자돈의 성장, 장내 미생물총, 분변내 유해가스배출에 미치는 영향
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Fermented Milk on Growth, Intestinal Microorganisms and Fecal Noxious Gas Emission in Suckling Pigs
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초록
본 연구는 유통기한이 경과되었으나 변질되지 않은 우유의 활용방안모색 및 사료로서 가치를 구명하고 위해 포유자돈의 성장, 장내 미생물균총 그리고 분변 내 유해가스발생량에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 발효유 제조는 시판 요쿠르트와 1L의 우유를 혼합하고 상온에서 배양한 후 사양시험에 사용하였다. 발효유내Bacillus와 Lactobacillus는 각각 3.0×108/g 및 3.5×108/g 함유되어 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 사양시험을 위해 2원교잡종(Landrace× Yorkshire) 모돈 10두를 수정적기에 두록 수퇘지 정액을 이용해 인공수정시킨 뒤 임신사에 배치하고 임의로 발효유 급여구(n=5)와 비급여구(n=5)로 나누었다. 분만 후 포유개시 시점에 양자를 통해 모돈 당 10두씩 포유자돈을 배치하여 총 100 두의 포유자돈(Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc)을 공시동물로 사용하였다. 발효유는 top dressing방법을 통해 포유자돈에게 1L씩 1일 2회로 나누어 분만 후부터 28일동안 급여하였다. 포유종료 시 자돈의 체중 및 일당증체량은 처리구간 통계적인 차이는 없지만 발효유 급여구는 비급여구에 비해 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 발효유 급여에 따른 분변내 총일반세균 및 대장균수는 유의한 차이는 나타내지 않지만 급여구에서 비급여구보다 약간 감소하였다. 유산균수(Lactobacillus)는 비급여구에 비해 급여구에서 유의하게 높게 측정되었다(p<0.05). 또한, 분변내 황화수소 및 total mercaptans 배출량은 비급여구보다 급여구에서 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 이와 같이 본 연구의 결과들을 종합해 보면 발효유의 급여는 포유자돈의 성장을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났으며 장내 미생물균총의 긍정적인 변화를 유도하였고 분변내 유해가스배출을 저감시켜 발효유의 사료로서의 사용가능성을 시사하였다. 따라서, 발효유 급여는 포유자돈의 생산성 개선에 도움이 되는 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate effects of feeding fermented milk on growth, intestinal microorganisms and fecal noxious gas emission in suckling pigs. A total of a hundred birth piglets (Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc) were randomly assigned into feeding group and control group during suckling period that ten pigs per sow. Fermented milk contained 3.0×108/g of Bacillus and 3.5×108/g of Lactobacillus, and was supplied by top dressing method. Fermented milk fed to the sulking pigs indicated tendency to increase weaning body weight (p=0.052) and average daily gain (p=0.094). Total microbial flora and Escherichia coli in the feces were lower (p<0.05) in the feeding group than the non-feeding group. Reversely, Lactobacillus was higher (p<0.01) in feces of the pigs fed fermented milk than the pigs of the control group. Hydrogen sulfide emitted in feces was decreased in feeding group compared with control group (p<0.05). Similarly, fecal total mercaptans was diminished in the feeding group than the control group (p<0.01). Therefore, the fermented milk fed to the sulking pigs may improved growth and can influence positively intestinal microorganisms and fecal noxious gas emission.
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