한우 육성기 급여 사료 내 Neutral Detergent-Soluble Fiber (NDSF) 함량이 In Vitro 반추위 발효 특성 및 Methane 발생에 미치는 영향
Effects of Neutral Detergent-Soluble Fiber (NDSF) Levels in Hanwoo Growing Cattle Diets on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production In Vitro
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본 연구는 한우 육성기에 급여하는 사료 내 neutral detergent-soluble fiber(NDSF) 함량이 반추위 내 미생물 발효 및 CH4 발생량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 한우에게 주로 급여하는 원료사료 6종(옥수수, 대두박, 대두피, 팜박, 비트펄프 그리고 티모시)으로 배합한 배합사료를 이용하여 반추위 in vitro 발효실험을 진행하였다. 배합사료의 NDSF 함량은 9.02%(T1), 10.09% (T2), 12.42%(T3) 그리고 14.63%(T4)이다. 배양 48시간대 배양액의 건물분해율은 T4가 T1보다 7.4% 더 높았으며(p<0.05), 총 가스 발생량도 T4가 T1에 비해 6.6% 더 높았다(p<0.05). 배양 9시간과 12시간대의 CH4 발생량은 T1과 T2가 처리구 중 가장 낮았으며(p<0.05), 48시간대 CH4 발생량은 T4가 T1 및 T2에 비해 5.6% 및 6.7% 더 높게 나왔다(p<0.05). 배양 12시간대와 24시간대의 NH3-N 함량은 T4가 T1에 비해 각각 33.1% 및 40.4% 정도 낮았다(p<0.05). 배양 48시간대의 acetate 대 propionate 비율은 T4가 T1에 비해 18.8% 더 높았다(p<0.05). 배양 9시간부터 48시간까지 T4의 butyrate와 valerate 비율은 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 배양 48시간대 배양액의 혐기성 미생물 군집을 분석하였을 때 고세균 중 Candidatus Thermoplasmatota 계의 Methanomassiliicoccus는 T4가 가장 높은 비율을 차지하였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 한우 육성기 급여 사료 내 NDSF 함량을 12.42%까지 증가시켰을 때 건물분해율은 증가하나 CH4 발생량은 증가하지 않아 한우의 생산성에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the impact of varying levels of neutral detergent-soluble fiber (NDSF) in Hanwoo growing cattle diets on rumen fermentation and methane (CH4) emissions. An in vitro rumen fermentation experiment utilized feeds with different NDSF levels, incorporating ingredients such as corn grain, soybean meal, soybean hulls, palm kernel meal, beet pulp and timothy hay. The NDSF contents in the diets were 9.02% (T1), 10.09% (T2), 12.42% (T3) and 14.63% (T4). In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) at 48 h was 7.4% higher for T4 compared to T1 (p<0.05). Total gas production at 48 h was 6.6% higher for T4 than T1 (p<0.05). CH4 production significantly decreased at 9 h and 12 h for T1 and T2 (p<0.05). At 48 h, CH4 production was 5.6% higher for T4 compared to T1 and 6.7% higher compared to T2 (p<0.05). At 12 h ans 24 h, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of T4 was approximately 33.1% and 40.4% lower, respectively, compared to T1 (p<0.05). The acetate to propionate ratio at 48 h was approximately 18.8% higher for T4 than T1 (p<0.05). From 9 h to 48 h, the proportions of butyrate and valerate were significantly higher for T4 (p<0.05). At 48 h, the dominant phylum in T4's rumen microbial community was Candidatus Thermoplasmatota Methanomassiliicoccus, an Archaea. Therefore, this study confirmed that increasing the NDSF content in growing Hanwoo cattle diets up to 12.42% increases IVDMD without increasing CH4 emissions, which is expected to positively impact Hanwoo productivity.
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