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사육 기질 내 조단백질 함량이 동애등에 성장 및 영양소 함량에 미치는 영향

Effects of Crude Protein in Rearing Substrates on Rearing Performance and Nutrient Accumulation of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens)

박선아|김진수|최소담|박세린|문준영|하상훈|김민주
동물생명과학연구소 (Institute of Animal Life Science)|2024.06|동물자원연구 (ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES)|제35권 제2호|pp. 46-55|DOI 10.12718/AARS.2024.35.2.46

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키워드

Black soldier flyProteinNutrientGrowth performanceRearing substrate
주제분류축산학

초록

최근 국내 사료 원료 수급이 불안정해지고 있는 가운데, 새로운 대체 단백질원 연구가 전 세계적으로 진행되고 있다. 그 중 동애등에(BSF, Black soldier fly, Hermetia Illucens)는 사료적 가치가 뛰어나고 생산에 있어 환경 부담이 적은 새로운 가축 사료 원료로 기대되고 있다. 사료용 동애등에 연구가 계속되고 있으며, 다양한 종류의 사육 기질에 대한 동애등에 성장 및 품질향상 연구가 진행되었다. 그러나, 동애등에 생산에 있어 근본적인 영양소 함량 설정에 대한 연구는 매우 미비하다. 따라서, 본 연구는 동애등에 생산에 있어 최적 영양소 수준 설정의 일환으로, 단백질 함량을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 실험은 3 수준의 조단백질 수준(Low, 13.5%; Middle, 20%; High, 26.5%)의 사육 기질에 따른 동애등에의 성장 및 품질 비교를 통해 수행되었다. 실험 결과, 동애등에의 무게(6.46%) 및 단백질 전환률(1.13%)은 사육 기질의 조단백질 함량이 증가함에 따라 향상되었다. 또한 단백질(14.38%) 및 지방의 수율(13.12%)이 증가하였으며, 일부 지방산(C12:0, C14:0, C14:1, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:3n3, C18:4, C20:5n3)과 필수(Isoleucine, Leucine, Tryptophan) 및 비필수 아미노산의 함량(Alanine, Glycine, Proline, Tyrosine)이 증가하였다. 그러나, Middle 처리구와 High 처리구 간의 차이는 미미하다. 본 연구 결과에 따라, 동애등에 생산 및 품질 극대화를 위한 효율적인 기질의 조단백질 함량은 20% 수준으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 동애등에 사육 영양소 수준에 따라 품질이 변화하는 것으로 보아 효과적인 사육을 위한 전용 사료의 개발이 필요해 보인다.

Abstract

Supplementing feed components is becoming increasingly difficult for various reasons, including increased shipping costs, decreased capture efficiency, and global warming. For this reason, much research has been conducted globally to find alternative protein sources. The black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens) is an important feed item for nutritional accumulation and has environmental consequences. Few studies have been conducted to determine the nutritional level of the substrate, but most of these studies have involved modifying the substrate material. The aim of this study was to determine the ideal crude protein(CP) content of a substrate for BSF rearing. The experimental treatment was separated into three CP levels (low, 13.5%; medium, 20%; high, 26.5%) in the substrate. The results showed that the BSF weight (6.46%) and protein conversion ratio (1.13%) increased as the substrate CP level increased (p<0.05). In addition, protein (14.38%) and lipid (13.12%) yields were significantly increased (p<0.05). The BSF CP level increased as the substrate CP level increased (p<0.05). CP levels in the substrate upregulated the levels of certain fatty acids, essential amino acids, and non-essential amino acids (p<0.05). In conclusion, the potential values of BSF as feed were improved as the CP level of the substrate increased; However, no difference was found between medium and high CP levels in the rearing substrate. These results suggested that the substrate CP level should be at the medium level for optimal product quality. In conclusion, BSF quality is influenced by substrate nutrient levels, necessitating the development of specialized substrates for effective rearing.

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