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사료 첨가제로서 국내 자생 청각(Codium fragile)의 다양한 세척 전처리가 반추위 in vitro 발효 성상 및 메탄 발생에 미치는 영향

Effect of Various Washing Pre-treatments of Native Codium fragile as a Feed Additive on Rumen in vitro Fermentation and Methane Production

정수연|김상윤|김창현|최다현|배귀석|이혜안|Narantuya Batburged|송기협
동물생명과학연구소 (Institute of Animal Life Science)|2024.12|동물자원연구 (ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES)|제35권 제4호|pp. 97-108|DOI 10.12718/AARS.2024.35.4.97

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In vitroWashingMethaneFeed AdditiveCodium fragilePre-treatments
주제분류축산학

초록

본 연구는 비육기 한우 사료 첨가제로서 청각(Codium fragile)의 다양한 세척 전처리가 반추위 발효와 메탄(CH4) 발생량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 한우 반추위 in vitro 발효실험을 수행하였다. 해조류는 기질 사료(조사료 : 농후사료 = 3:7) 건물 함량 기준 0.5%(DM, w/w)로 첨가하였다. 실험 처리구는 기질 사료(C), 비세척(T1), 0°C 세척(T2), 22°C 세척(T3) 그리고 70°C 세척(T4)으로 총 5 처리구이며, 세척의 경우 각 온도 처리로 설정된 증류수에 6분간 담가 해양 이물질을 제거하였다. pH는 배양시간이 지남에 따라 점진적으로 감소했으며, 배양 48시간대 T2, T3 및 T4의 건물 분해율이 유의적으로 가장 높았고, C, T1이 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 배양 48시간대 NH3-N 농도는 T3, T4가 유의적으로 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 배양 48시간대 T4의 총 가스 발생량은 C에 비해 19% 낮았다(p<0.01). 배양 48시간대 투입된 사료 대비 발생한 CH4 발생량은 배양 48시간대 모든 청각 처리가 C에 비해 유의적으로 낮았으며, 특히 T3는 31% 저감 효과를 보였다(p<0.01). 분해된 건물량 대비 발생한 CH4 발생량 역시 유사한 양상을 보였으며 배양 48시간대 T3는 C에 비해 39% 저감 효과를 보였다(p<0.01). 배양 24시간대 T1과 T4의 total VFA가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). Acetate 비율은 배양 48시간대 C가 유의적으로 가장 높고 T3가 가장 낮았다(p<0.01). Propionate 비율은 배양 48시간대 T3가 유의적으로 높았으며, C가 가장 낮았다(p<0.01). A:P ratio는 배양 48시간대 C가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 배양 24시간대 T4의 butyrate 비율은 유의적으로 가장 높았으며, T3는 가장 낮았다(p<0.01). 본 실험 결과, 국내 자생 청각(Codium fragile)을 비육기 한우 사료 첨가제 수준으로 반추위 in vitro 실험을 진행하였을 때, 청각의 메탄 저감 효과를 확인하였으며, 세척 처리의 영향은 크지 않음을 확인하였다. 그러나 세척 과정이 필요한 경우, 이물질 제거를 위해 22℃에서 세척하는 것이 가장 적절하다고 판단된다.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of various washing pre-treatments of native Codium fragile as a feed additive on in vitro ruminal fermentation and CH4 production in ruminants. Seaweed was included at 0.5% dry matter (DM) based on the experimental feed (forage : concentrate = 3:7). Treatment groups were classified as follows: experimental feed (C), no washing (T1), washing at 0°C (T2), washing at 22°C (T3) and washing at 70°C (T4) each immersed for 6 minutes in distilled water. The pH consistently fell within the ruminal stability range. In vitro dry matter digestibility was significantly highest in T2, T3, T4 and C, T4 was the lowest at 48 h (p<0.05). NH3-N concentration was significantly highest in T4 at 48 h (p<0.05). Total gas production at 48 h was 19% lower in T4 compared to C (p<0.01). CH4 production (mL/g DM) at 48 h was lower in all treatment groups compared to C, with T3 showing a 31% reduction (p<0.01). Similarly, CH4 production (mL/g dry matter degradability, DMD) at 48 h was 39% lower for T3 compared to C (p<0.01). At 24 h, total VFA was significantly highest in T1 and T4 (p<0.05). The proportions of acetate was significantly highest in C and T3 was the lowest at 48 h (p<0.01). The proportions of propionate was significantly highest in T3 and C was the lowest at 48 h (p<0.01). The acetate to propionate ratio was singnificantly highest in C at 48 h (p<0.01). The proportions of butyrate at 24 h was lower for T3 compared to C (p<0.05). Therefore, this study confirms that Codium fragile can reduce CH4 production when used as a feed additive for ruminants and this effect is not significantly influenced by the washing pre-treatment. However, if washing process is necessary, washing at 22°C is the most appropriate method to remove foreign objects

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