국내 자생 홍조류 첨가에 따른 in vitro 반추위 발효 성상 및 메탄 발생량 비교 연구
The Effects of Korean Red Seaweeds on in vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production
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본 연구는 국내에서 자생하고 있는 해조류인 홍조류를 첨가하여 in vitro 반추위 발효성상 및 메탄 발생량을 분석하였다. 홍조류 5종은(Chrysymenia wrughtii Yamada, CW; Hypnea sp., Hypnea sp.; Chondria crassicaulis, CC; Gelidium vagum Okamurae, GV; Hypnea saidana Holmes, HS) 국립수산과학원(National Institute of Fisheries Science, NIFS)에서 제공받아 처리구로 사용하였다. 수집된 홍조류는 3분간 세척하여 동결건조 및 분쇄 후 사용하였고, 기질의 5%를 첨가하여 48시간 배양하였다. 홍조류 처리구에서 총 가스 발생량은 누른끈적이 처리구를 제외한 모든 홍조류 처리구에서 유의적으로 낮았고(p<0.05; 55.81, 48.44, 45.62, 46.24, 47.84mL vs. 63.25mL), 서실 처리구에서는 소화된 건물 당 메탄 발생량이 유의적으로 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 홍조류 처리구의 반추위 발효성상 결과에 따르면 반추위 pH는 5.98∼6.08로, 막우뭇가사리 처리구에서 유의적으로 가장 낮았다(p<0.05; 5.98). 총 VFA 농도는 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 누른끈적이 처리구에서 propionate(27.53%)가 유의적으로 높았고, 반대로 acetate(53.14%), iso-valerate (3.52%), valerate(1.72%) 및 A:P ratio(1.93)는 유의적으로 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 본 결과를 통해 홍조류 5종 중, 서실이 건물 소화율과 반추위 발효성상에 부정적인 영향을 미치지 않으면서 메탄 발생량 감소에 대한 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 추후 서실에 대해 메탄 저감 소재로서 적정 수준을 찾기 위한 첨가 수준별 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of different red seaweeds on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and methane gas production. Five species of red seaweed (Chrysymenia wrughtii Yamada, CW; Hypnea sp., Hypnea sp.; Chondria crassicaulis, CC; Gelidium vagum Okamurae, GV; Hypnea saidana Holmes, HS) were obtained from National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS) in South Korea. The collected red seaweeds were washed for 3 minutes, and then samples were freeze-dried and ground to a size of a 1 millimeter. The buffered ruminal fluid (50 mL) was incubated with substrates and seaweeds (5% of substrates) at 39℃ for 48 hours. Total gas production was lower than red seaweed treatments excluding the CW treatment (p<0.05; 63.25 mL). Methane production was the lowest in CC treatment (p<0.05; 9.93 mL/g of digestible dry matter). The rumen pH of the red seaweed treatments ranged from 5.98 to 6.08, which was significantly the lowest in the GV treatment (p<0.05; 5.98). There was no significant difference in the total VFA concentration, but propionate (27.53%) was significantly highest in the CW treatment, whereas acetate (53.14%), iso-valerate (3.52%), valerate (1.72%), and A:P ratio (1.93) were significantly lowest (p<0.05). In conclusion, among the five species of red seaweeds, Chondria crassicaulis reduced in vitro methane production without negative effects on dry matter digestibility. Future studies will be needed to determine the optimal inclusion level of Chondria crassicaulis as feed additive to reduce enteric methane production.
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