介詞“在”的前附性與語法分析―兼與邢福義商榷
A Study on the Adherence of the Preposition “Zai” to the Verbs and the Structure of the “Bisyllabic V+Zai+Monosyllabic O”
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Prepositions have been considered to form the complement with their object, when they are placed after the verbs or adjectives in Chinese. This kind of viewpoint can’t explain the changes in Chinese. In Chinese the prepositions have the tendency of adhering to the verbs or adjectives when they are followed by the verbs or adjectives. The grammarian Xing Fuyi recognize this phenomenon and argue that the preposition “zai” should be analyzed as the semi-verb, and maintain that it functions as a complement, when “zai” is prepositioned by “le”. But Xing Fuyi argue that “zai” must be considered as a preposition in the structure of “bisyllabic verbs + zai + monosyllabic objects”. I think that the preposition “zai” has already adhered to the prepositioned verbs or adjectives, and functions the predicate with them in the sentences. In this case “zai” has already lost the function of a preposition, and functions as a predicate with the verbs or adjectives, so I argue that “zai” is a postpositional word. But there is a pause in front of the “zai + monosyllabic object”, “zai” must not be analyzed, being adhered to the prepositioned verbs or adjectives. In the structure of “bisyllabic verbs + zai + monosyllabic objects”, “zai+monosyllabic objects” still functions as complements.
Abstract
Prepositions have been considered to form the complement with their object, when they are placed after the verbs or adjectives in Chinese. This kind of viewpoint can’t explain the changes in Chinese. In Chinese the prepositions have the tendency of adhering to the verbs or adjectives when they are followed by the verbs or adjectives. The grammarian Xing Fuyi recognize this phenomenon and argue that the preposition “zai” should be analyzed as the semi-verb, and maintain that it functions as a complement, when “zai” is prepositioned by “le”. But Xing Fuyi argue that “zai” must be considered as a preposition in the structure of “bisyllabic verbs + zai + monosyllabic objects”. I think that the preposition “zai” has already adhered to the prepositioned verbs or adjectives, and functions the predicate with them in the sentences. In this case “zai” has already lost the function of a preposition, and functions as a predicate with the verbs or adjectives, so I argue that “zai” is a postpositional word. But there is a pause in front of the “zai + monosyllabic object”, “zai” must not be analyzed, being adhered to the prepositioned verbs or adjectives. In the structure of “bisyllabic verbs + zai + monosyllabic objects”, “zai+monosyllabic objects” still functions as complements.
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