탄자니아 인도양 스와힐리 해안가의 석회동굴 지역의 제례적 행위 보호
Safeguarding ritual practices in the limestone cave areas along the Swahili coast of the Indian Ocean in Tanzania
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지역 사회가 여전히 제례적 행위로 사용하는 신성한 석회동굴 지역의이용 관리는 방문객(관광객)과 연구자들이 성지에 대해 현지인들이정한 규칙을 지키지 않아 정부에 어려움을 주고 있다. 이 연구는탄자니아가 무형문화유산(ICH)을 보호하기 위한 모범사례에 대한충분한 지침이나 체계가 부족하다는 것을 보여준다. 이 연구는 지역주민들이 신성시하는 쿠움비(Kuumbi)와 암보니(Amboni) 석회동굴과같은 동굴 지역에 대한 접근을 통제하기 위해 지역 사회에 의해시행되는 제례적 행위, 엄격한 금기, 관습법이 있다는 것을 드러낸다. 방문객과 연구자들이 동굴과 그 주변을 방문할 때 정해진 규정을따르지 않는 관행은 지역 주민들과 그들의 제례적 행위 사이에단절을 가져왔으며, 이는 그들은 제례와 다른 영적 활동을 수행할 수없도록 만들었다. 이 논문은 지역사회가 동굴을 종교생활의 중요한부분으로 계속 사용할 수 있도록 정부가 채택할 여러 가지 방안을제안한다. 또한 이 논문은 정부가 유네스코 무형문화유산 목록(UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage)에 포함시키기 위해석회동굴 지역의 제례적 행위에 대해 유산 지정을 고려하고 있다고주장한다.
Abstract
The use and management of sacred limestone cave areas that local communities still use for ritual practices provide challenges to the country, because visitors (tourists) and researchers fail to abide by rules established by locals for the sacred areas. This study reveals that the country lacks sufficient guidelines or frameworks for best practices in safeguarding intangible cultural heritage (ICH). The study discovers that there are ritual practices, strict taboos and customary laws put in place by the local communities to control access to cave areas, such as the Kuumbi and Amboni limestone caves, which are sacred to the locals. The habit of visitors and researchers not adhering to the established regulations when visiting caves and their surroundings has created a disconnect between locals and their ritual practices, which prevents them from performing their rituals and other spiritual activities. This article proposes different measures to be adopted by the country to enable local communities to continue using the caves as a crucial part of their religious life without any disturbances. The article further argues that the country consider nominating ritual practices in limestone cave areas for inclusion in the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
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