일제강점기 대전형무소 설치와 확대

Abstract

Daejeon Prison(大田刑務所) is the output of the prison expansion policy enforced by the Japanese imperialism in colonial Korea. The plan for constructing Daejeon Prison was discussed in 1918 to be scheduled in 4 years. However, as the number of prisoners was increased after the March First Independence Movement in 1919, the Japanese imperialism decided to construct the prison and made an announcement in May 8, 1919. And it officially opened the prison in October 19 in that same year. Because of the March First Movement, Daejeon Prison was opened 3 years earlier than scheduled. The expansion of the prison was continued for 20 years after its opening. Throughout the periods of establishment, settlement and Expansion, 259 prison cells in the area of 2,282.84㎡ were built in a total of 7 buildings of the prison(獄舍). Since 1928, 129 solitary confinements in the area of 807.1㎡ were built in a total of 3 buildings of the prison to keep political offender. Daejeon Prison played a ‘critical’ role in the political offender(思想犯) detention policy enforced by the Japanese imperialism. As the prison was expanded, the number of prisoners was continued to increase. The number of prisoners was increased by 5 times, from 250 prisoners at the end of December in 1919 to 1,250 prisoners in 1938 when the expansion of the prison was completed. The results of analyzing the data of 220 prisoners showed that a large proportion of the prisoners were in their 20s. Also, the long-term prisoners as well as the political offender made up a large proportion. In the end, Daejeon Prison was operated as the major prison to monitor and punish the long-term political offender for the Japanese colonization.