사이버상의 청소년비행에 대한 일반이론의 검증
Testing a General Theory for Juvenile Delinquency on Cyber-Spaces
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초록
이 연구는 갇프레드슨과 허쉬의 일반이론을 사이버상의 청소년비행에 적용해 보려는 것에 주목한다. 특별히 일반이론에서 강조하고 있는 낮은 자기통제력이외에 비행기회요인을 필요충분조건으로 함께 고려하여 그 영향력을 살펴본다. 서울시 남녀 중고등학교에 재학중인 청소년 1,113명을 조사한 본 연구결과는 낮은 자기통제력의 사이버비행에 대한 영향력이 매우 컸으며, 아울러 일부 비행기회요인들과는 유의미한 상호작용이 없었으나 낮은 자기통제력과 비행기회요인으로서 재미라는 심정적 이득과는 유의미한 상호작용효과를 제시하는 것으로 나타나 본 연구의 가설을 어느 정도 지지하는 결과를 제시했다. 이러한 결과는 일반이론을 지지하며, 사이버공간에서의 청소년비행의 원인이 현실에서의 비행의 그것과 크게 다르지 않고 낮은 자기통제력이 비행기회요인과 함께 비행의 원인으로 작동한다는 것을 제시한다.
Abstract
Gottfredson and Hirschi's A General Theory of Crime has been tested and supported with a considerable amount of interest among criminologists. However, although their theory emphasized not only low self-control but also criminal opportunity, this issue has been neglected in empirical studies and the only effect of low self control is considered in prior research. This study tests, according to a general theory of crime, whether crime can be explained by both low self-control and high criminal opportunity. In addition, this study intends to apply a general theory to explain juvenile delinquency on cyber spaces. This study considers opportunity factors, such as the perceived fun, the absence of parents' supervision, anonymity, and computer using time. And trying to explain juvenile delinquency on cyber-spaces, this study examines the interaction effect of low self-control and four opportunity factors on cyber-delinquency. Using data from 1,113 male and female middle/high school students in Seoul, this study tests several hypotheses. Results show that the effect of low self-control on cyber delinquency is not mediated and significantly direct, while according to developmental theorists, its effect can be mediated by social environmental factors. In addition, this study finds that the interaction effect of low self-control and the perceived fun is significant. However, it is nor found that the interaction effect of low self-control and other opportunity variables. In addition, result shows that not only low self-control but also beliefs is important factors in explaining cyber-delinquency. The policy implication of those results are discussed.
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