북한의 핵전략 : 적극적 실존억제
North Korea's Nuclear Strategy: Active Existential Deterrence
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초록
본 논문은 핵 약소국인 북한의 핵전략을 ‘적극적 실존억제’의 관점으로 설명하는데 목적을 두었다. ‘적극적 실존억제’란 실존적 핵능력에 불과한 핵약소국이 ‘1차 공격의 불확실성’에 의존하는 수동적 핵태세에서 벗어나 평판과 불확실성을 이용하여 위기 전 단계에 걸쳐 핵무기를 적극적으로 ‘사용’하는 핵태세로 정의할 수 있다. 이 관점에 따라 본 논문에서는 북한이 핵무기를 위기의 마지막 단계에서 ‘최후의 수단’으로 활용하는 수세적 핵태세에 국한되지 않고 핵한계선을 낮추어 공세적 핵태세를 추구할 것이라는 점을 주장할 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 ‘객관적 핵한계선’과 ‘주관적 핵한계선’이라는 개념을 사용하여 이러한 이중적 핵한계선이 핵태세에 미치는 영향을 고찰할 것이다. 이를 토대로 북한은 위기수준에 따라 우선적 보복, 촉매억제, 선택적 보복의 세 가지 핵태세를 취할 것이라는 점을 주장한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze and assess the nuclear strategy of emerging weaker nuclear state 'north Korea', based on a concept of active existential deterrence. This model refers to a nuclear posture which 'uses' a nuclear weapon in a active way throughout the whole phases of crisis exploiting a reputation and uncertainty. This article argues that north Korea will pursue a aggressive nuclear posture. In order to clarify this, this study adopted a new concept of 'objective and subjective nuclear threshold' which will have a critical impact on the aggressive nuclear posture of north Korea. Finally, this study will provide three different types of nuclear posture.
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