A Study on the Notion of Interiorized City Formed through the Suburban Architecture in Mid-20th-Century of the United States
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(Background and Purpose) This study explores the ideal urbanity that suburban shopping architecture brought into the suburbs in the mid-20th century. From a traditional point of view, private and public life can be brought into being by physical entities distinguished from each other in a city. This notion of the city has been formed through a long history of urban design. However, the bigness and hybridization of architecture that occurred during the mid-20th century made a significant shift to a traditional relationship between a city and a building. This study investigates a momentous phase when a relationship between architecture and a city had been reversed, especially through suburban shopping centers. (Method) From the literature review, this study clarifies that the suburban shopping centers in the mid-20th century were related to the material affluence of the United States and the flourishing of mass consumption culture, accompanied by changes in size and complexity. In this period, as the number of capital input changed, technical interventions in merchandizing and management began to appear, leading to a formal and spatial change process. Therefore, in this study, articles of architectural magazines from the thirties and fifties, dealing with the problems of suburban architecture and representative shopping center plans of the postwar period, are considered as subjects. (Results) In this transitional period, the suburban shopping centers marked a significant moment regarding the relationship between architecture and a city in postwar modernism. It was highly motivated by the advent of modern shopping space, which was a product of socio-cultural alterations: the suburban sprawl enabled by increasing mobility, self-service merchandizing, and newly invented interior public space. This study argues that these suburban shopping centers carried idealized urbanity into the suburbs. Resultantly, the segregation of interior space from exterior rapidly facilitated the formation of the interiorized ideal city. (Conclusions) This study claims that these suburban shopping centers carried idealized urbanity into the suburbs. The desire to make an environment with density and separate interior from exterior space materialized this ideal urbanity. Consequently, the exterior space of suburban shopping centers was irrelevant to the interior mall space. This condition rapidly facilitated the interiorized ideal city formation. The suburban shopping center tried to acquire a crowded streetscape that satisfied a suburban desire to mingle with others and to eliminate all that was undesirable in the city. In short, this utopian notion in the suburbs contributed to the appearance of the interiorized city.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) This study explores the ideal urbanity that suburban shopping architecture brought into the suburbs in the mid-20th century. From a traditional point of view, private and public life can be brought into being by physical entities distinguished from each other in a city. This notion of the city has been formed through a long history of urban design. However, the bigness and hybridization of architecture that occurred during the mid-20th century made a significant shift to a traditional relationship between a city and a building. This study investigates a momentous phase when a relationship between architecture and a city had been reversed, especially through suburban shopping centers. (Method) From the literature review, this study clarifies that the suburban shopping centers in the mid-20th century were related to the material affluence of the United States and the flourishing of mass consumption culture, accompanied by changes in size and complexity. In this period, as the number of capital input changed, technical interventions in merchandizing and management began to appear, leading to a formal and spatial change process. Therefore, in this study, articles of architectural magazines from the thirties and fifties, dealing with the problems of suburban architecture and representative shopping center plans of the postwar period, are considered as subjects. (Results) In this transitional period, the suburban shopping centers marked a significant moment regarding the relationship between architecture and a city in postwar modernism. It was highly motivated by the advent of modern shopping space, which was a product of socio-cultural alterations: the suburban sprawl enabled by increasing mobility, self-service merchandizing, and newly invented interior public space. This study argues that these suburban shopping centers carried idealized urbanity into the suburbs. Resultantly, the segregation of interior space from exterior rapidly facilitated the formation of the interiorized ideal city. (Conclusions) This study claims that these suburban shopping centers carried idealized urbanity into the suburbs. The desire to make an environment with density and separate interior from exterior space materialized this ideal urbanity. Consequently, the exterior space of suburban shopping centers was irrelevant to the interior mall space. This condition rapidly facilitated the interiorized ideal city formation. The suburban shopping center tried to acquire a crowded streetscape that satisfied a suburban desire to mingle with others and to eliminate all that was undesirable in the city. In short, this utopian notion in the suburbs contributed to the appearance of the interiorized city.
참고문헌 (31)
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