데이비드 치퍼필드 건축에 나타나는 현상학적 공간특성 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Modern architectural experiments were conducted in line with the development of society in the 20th century, which showed limitations as a closed system. Hence, an organic space type of an open system based on "placeability" has emerged in which relationships and communication can be organically produced. A representative example is the concept of “phenomenology,” which attempts to identify the essence of the aesthetic perspective of architecture in the sensory flow of a place in the triple relationship between humans, places, and architecture. Phenomenological architecture involves inducing reflection through spatial experience and expressing a meaningful space. This study identifies the relationship between architecture, space, and perception, focusing on phenomenology, which understands phenomena through human perception, and presents the characteristics of phenomenological architecture related to the spatial expression of the most notable architects of the present era. (Method) The scope of this study is limited to five works selected for the Pritzker Architecture Prize. First, the research method investigates the phenomenology of perception and David Chipperfield's background and architectural ideas through theoretical considerations. Second, we derive phenomenological spatial characteristics. Third, some of the Pritzker architectural awards awarded by David Chipperfield are selected as architectural examples to analyze the relationship between the spatial and phenomenological characteristics of Chipperfield's architecture. (Results) Spatial characteristics are relatively high in terms of situational direction. Second, the experience's spatial characteristics from the perception perspective are clearly shown in most cases. The scalability of space appears as an extended structure, and tactile metamorphosis appears in the simultaneous relationship between contextual and camouflaged expressions. Third, the spatial experience of flow is relatively weak; however, a relationship between fluid continuity and repetitive structures is confirmed. (Conclusions) Chipperfield's architecture is constantly related to individuals. As a venue for relationships that reveal organic and cyclical beings, architecture is the cause or effect of perception and is continuously subject to a priori reduction. As such, Chipperfield actively utilizes places, relational and organic spatial expressions, through phenomenological tactics that induce the activation of perception in architecture. We contend that architects approach place relationships through phenomenological expressions. This approach may generate a sustainable space, one of the challenges of modern architecture. It can be understood that the strategy of spatial expression based on the place context activates perception in modern architecture and continues to exist.