도시 포켓파크의 지속가능성 평가요소 연구 - 경감생태학(landsenses ecology) 이론을 바탕으로 -
A Study on the Sustainability Evaluation Elements of Urban Pocket Parks - Based on the theory of landsenses ecology -
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(연구배경 및 목적) 도시화가 진행됨에 따라 도시의 인구 밀도가 높아지고 부지가 부족하며 도시 공원의 수는 제한된다. 이러한 맥락에서 더 많은 소규모 도시 녹지를 사람들의 일상 생활에 통합하는 것이 도시 계획의 발전 추세이다. 지속 가능한 발전은 현대 사회가 직면한 중요한 도전이며 미래 인류의 삶의 질과 자원을 손상시키지 않으면서 현재의 요구를 충족시켜야 한다. 도시 계획 분야에서 지속 가능한 발전의 개념은 광범위한 관심을 끌었고 도시 개발의 궁극적인 목표는 지속 가능한 발전이므로 포켓 파크의 출현은 지속 가능한 발전을 위한 혁신적인 솔루션을 제공한다. 본 연구는 지속가능한 발전을 목표로 경감생태학의 이론적 토대를 바탕으로 포켓파크의 지속성 평가요소를 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 목표는 포켓파크의 지속 가능한 발전을 위한 이론적 지침을 제공하고 도시 녹지의 지속 가능한 발전을 촉진하며 도시 거주자에게 더 나은 생활환경과 지역 사회 상호 작용 기회를 제공하는 것이다. (연구방법) 관련 자료를 참고하여 포켓파크, 경감생태학, 지속 가능한 발전의 상관관계를 분석하고, 경감생태학 및 지속 가능한 발전 이론을 결합하여 지속 가능한 포켓파크의 평가요소를 제시하였다. 평가기준에 따라 포켓파크 사례를 수집, 선별, 분류하고 사례분석을 통해 본 연구에서 제안한 평가요소의 실제 적용을 검증하였다. 마지막으로 평가 요소를 분석 및 요약하고 포켓파크에서의 적용을 제시 하였다. (결과) 본 연구는 포켓파크의 지속가능성 평가요소를 물리적 지각, 심리적 인지 및 사회적 효익의 3가지 평가 차원으로 구분하여 도출하였다. 각 항목별 세부 평가요소는 물리적 지각은 주변 경관의 융합, 동식물 경관의 다양성, 에너지 절약, 재생 경관의 운용, 공간 활용의 극대화, 미기후의 조절, 먼지, 소음, 냄새의 제거이며, 심리적 인지는 조경공간의 안정감, 경관의 지역 문화성, 공간의 교제 활동성이며, 사회적 효익에는 공공서비스 시설, 공원의 접근성, 공간의 혁신성으로 제시하였다. 사례 분석을 통해 포켓파크는 일반적으로 물리적 지각 차원 중 동식물 경관의 다양성 및 미기후 조절과 심리적 인지의 공간의 교제활동성, 사회적 효익의 공간의 접근성 및 혁신성 요소가 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 몇몇 사례는 소음 및 냄새 제거 및 공공서비스 시설에 대한 개선이 필요하다. (결론) 본 연구에서 제시된 도시 포켓파크의 지속가능성 평가요소는 포켓파크의 자원이용, 환경보호, 지역사회 참여 및 사회적 이익 등의 성과를 체계적으로 판단할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 합리적 의견과 의사결정을 지원·제공할 수 있다. 또한, 앞으로 포켓파크를 기획, 개발, 조성하는 데 참고 자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) With urbanization, the population density of cities has increased; land is scarce, and the number of city parks is limited. In this context, incorporating small urban green spaces into people's daily lives is a recent trend in urban planning. Sustainable development is a crucial challenge for contemporary society and the ultimate goal of urban development. Thus, the emergence of pocket parks provides an innovative solution for sustainable development. This study is conducted with the goal of sustainable development based on the landscape ecology theory. It aims to propose new elements for evaluating the sustainability of pocket parks. It also intends to provide theoretical guidance for the sustainable development of pocket parks, promote the sustainable development of urban green spaces, and provide urban residents with better living environments and opportunities for community interaction. (Method) The correlation between pocket parks, landscape ecology, and sustainable development is analyzed by reviewing relevant data. New evaluation elements of sustainable pocket parks are proposed by combining landscape ecology and sustainable development theories. Based on the proposed evaluation criteria, examples of pocket parks are collected, screened, and organized, and the feasibility of the evaluation elements is verified by analyzing these examples. Finally, the evaluation elements are analyzed and summarized, and their application in pocket parks is guided. (Results) This study combines landscape ecology, sustainable development theory, and the characteristics of pocket parks. It divides the sustainability evaluation elements of pocket parks into three evaluation levels: physical perception, psychological cognition, and social benefits. Physical perception comprises six elements, including integration with the surrounding environment; psychological cognition comprises three elements, such as the sense of security in the landscape space, and social benefits include three elements, such as perfect public service facilities. The present analysis contends that the development of pocket parks in the current stage is ideal regarding physical perception, especially the diversity of plants and animals. Psychological perceptions and social benefits, especially regarding the security of landscape spaces and the improvement of public service facilities, need more research. Finally, the sustainability evaluation elements of the pocket parks are determined. (Conclusions) The proposed sustainability evaluation elements of pocket parks have social value as they alleviate the urban land use problem and align with the common goal of sustainable human development. It also points out the direction, establishes criteria for the future development of pocket parks, and provides a reference for subsequent studies.
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