고밀도 도시의 수변 공간 경관 디자인 특성 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) High-density cities face growing ecological stress and intensifying public-use demands along their waterfronts, yet existing research often treats ecological, spatial, and technological aspects as separate domains rather than as interacting components of a coupled system. Such fragmentation limits the understanding of how waterfront environments function under the complex and interdependent conditions of dense urbanization. To address this gap, the present study investigates the landscape design characteristics of urban waterfronts through the lens of Social–Ecological–Technological Systems, clarifying how ecological restoration, spatial connectivity, and technological applications jointly shape the performance and adaptability of high-density waterfront environments. (Method) A three-dimensional assessment framework was developed and operationalized into nine sub-indicators and twenty-seven landscape features that describe key ecological processes, spatial configurations, and technological functions. This framework was then applied to two representative waterfront regeneration cases—the Dasha River Ecological Corridor in Shenzhen and the Cheonggyecheon Restoration Project in Seoul—both located in highly urbanized contexts and widely recognized as influential precedents in contemporary urban landscape transformation. The research employs a mixed methodological approach combining literature review, indicator construction, on-site spatial observation, and the analysis of publicly accessible environmental and planning datasets to evaluate how each project expresses SETS-related design characteristics. (Results) The comparative findings reveal two distinct yet complementary design trajectories. Ecologically, the Dasha River corridor adopts a process-oriented, low-intervention strategy that emphasizes hydrological buffering, habitat continuity, and natural self-organization, thus strengthening long-term ecological resilience and adaptive capacity. In contrast, Cheonggyecheon relies on engineered water circulation, structured ecological nodes, and curated environmental experiences to heighten ecological visibility and enhance perceptual engagement within the urban core. Spatially, the Dasha River corridor contributes to a multiscalar mountain–river–bay permeation network that integrates regional ecological structures and supports landscape-level connectivity, while Cheonggyecheon functions as a linear activation spine that organizes bridges, plazas, and promenades into a pedestrian-centered public realm supporting diverse social activities. Technologically, Dasha River incorporates systems aligned with stable and continuous ecological performance—such as soil–water conservation techniques and biological purification—whereas Cheonggyecheon integrates information displays, monitoring devices, and smart management tools that promote public participation, environmental learning, and efficient operational control. (Conclusions) These insights suggest a broader paradigm shift in high-density waterfront design: from singular engineering-driven interventions toward multi-layered coordination across ecological, spatial, and technological dimensions; from the construction of static physical forms toward adaptive, process-based approaches capable of responding to dynamic urban and environmental pressures. By proposing a structured SETS-based evaluation model and demonstrating its applicability through comparative case analysis, this study provides both a theoretical and practical contribution. It offers a coordinated design perspective in which ecological processes establish foundational conditions, spatial networks serve as mediating structures, and smart technologies operate as supportive systems enabling resilient, inclusive, and future-oriented waterfront environments.