영재 판별 평정 척도의 타당화 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study are to 1) analyze various theories and preceding studies regarding gifted children and thereby establish some theoretical frameworks defining the concepts and characteristics of gifted children, 2) thereupon design a measurement model and instrument to identify gifted children and 3)verify the rating scale of their behavioral characteristics. For this purpose, characteristics of gifted children were grouped in large into academic, affective and aesthetic areas from multidimensional views ; The first area covers language, mathematics, spacial perception and learning, while the second area embraces creativity, motivation and leadership. And the third area covers visual and performing arts and psychomotor ability. The rating was done by children themselves, parents, teachers and peer group. The result of test can be summarized as follows; 1) In order to test the reliability, those items which may increase the reliability were removed in consideration of the results from self-ratings. As a consequence, the level of reliability for rating of gifted children was .7102～.9226, while that for rating of ordinary ones was .6122～.9397. 2) Based on the results from self-ratings each item was examined for its validity by factor analysis and content validity. Furthermore, each item was checked if it has a significant independence by using such methods as varimax and oblique rotation. 3) In multitrait-multimethod, the convergent validity was tested comparing the coefficients of same traits which was measured by different methods. Meanwhile, the discriminant validity was positively tested in case the correlation between same constructs is higher than that between different constructs. 4) In order to test the difference between gifted and ordinary children, T-tests were done using mean and SD values. As a result, every sub-areas of four rating scales showed significant differences at the level of P<.001, which demonstrates the validity ofthe scales. 5) The correlation between behavioral characteristics and IQ was significant. In conclusion, the rating scale for gifted children tested positively for their validity.