이데올로기와 체험적 현실을 넘어 -남한 분단소설의 흐름과 성격

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the flow and property of ‘the division novels of South Korea’ from the late 1940’s until the early 2000’s as the historical novel types. The starting point of the division novels is the time when the trusteeship by UN was implemented after Korean Liberation. Following the anti-communism novels in the Korean War, the humanistic novels become the main flow of the divided novel after the war. This humanistic novels were intended to overcome the damage of war and division by restoring the collective memories of the nation, but anti-communism was still under the base of them. The composition of these humanistic novels collapses with the emergence of the ideological novels. The ideological novel that simultaneously criticized the ideology of North and South Korea stayed in criticism of the ideology in general. In the 1960s, the novels based on the experiences of war in childhood began full-blown literary activities. As a result, the division novels transformed into a stage of life after war, restoring war experiences. Until that time, the division novel, which mainly used 'innocent eyes', went beyond the dimension of the right side of the war to the point of balancing the left and right conflicts related to division and war, but in the end, It was a form that avoided handling. However, the division novels of the childhood war generation became the basis for producing novels that realistically symbolize division, war, and later life on a more objective level. Thus, the specific contents of the ideological confrontation in the division and the international relations at the time of the war were dealt with, and the origin of the divided reality based on the realization of the war experience could be carried out. In this sense, the history of division novels is a history of departure from the oppression of anti-communism, and restores war experience distorted or concealed in the atmosphere of oppressive period of war or just after the war to the dimension of objective fact from the level of subjective experience It can be said that it was the last one. The most important and obvious fact is that almost all the writers of Korean fiction have participated in the history of divided novels, not some writers, and most of the writers have agreed to the deviation from the anti-communism and the restoration of facts. Particularly, it is an important significance of the divided novels to deal with the issues that have been raised in the South Korean society such as criticism of dictatorship and democratization in connection with the problem of division.