창의적 인지, 성격과 창의적 행동의 관계에서 창의적정체감의 매개역할: 영역 특수적 접근
The Mediating Role of Creative Identity in the Relation of Creative Cognition, Personality, and Creative Behavior: A Domain-Specific Approach
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이 연구의 목적은 두 가지이다. 첫째, 창의적 인지, 성격, 신념, 행동 간의 관계구조가 창의성의 다양한 행동영역에서 상이하게 나타나는지를 보는 것이고, 둘째, 창의적잠재력이 창의적 행동으로 발현되는 과정에서 작용하는 창의적 정체감의 역할을 확인하는 것이다. 첫 번째 문제는 창의성의 영역 특수성 쟁점과 관련이 있고, 두 번째 문제는 잠재력을 행동으로 전환시키는 데 있어서의 신념의 역할과 관련이 있다. 이러한 목적을 위해 서울과 충청지역의 대학생 205명이 연구에 참여하였다. 창의적 인지, 성격,신념, 행동 변인으로 각각 아이디어 생성, 경험에 대한 개방성(미‧정서 개방성과 사고개방성), 창의적 정체감, 학문과 예술영역에서의 창의적 행동이 사용되었다. 분석결과,먼저 학문영역에서 사고에 대한 개방성은 창의적 행동에 영향을 미치고 미‧정서에 대한 개방성과 아이디어 생성은 창의적 정체감을 매개하여 창의적 행동에 간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러, 미‧정서에 대한 개방성은 학문창의성에 부적인 영향도 미쳤다. 예술영역의 경우, 미‧정서 개방성과 아이디어 생성능력은 창의적 정체감을 매개하여 창의적 행동에 간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 창의적 정체감이 창의적 행동에 미치는 영향은 예술영역에서 더 큰 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 창의성을 인식론적 행위(학문활동)보다는 표현/제작 행위(예술활동)와 동일시하는 일반인들의암묵적 태도를 반영하는 것이라고 볼 수 있다. 그러므로 ‘창의적인 사람’으로서의 자기인식은 (발견 중심의) 학문보다는 (표현/제작 중심의) 예술활동에서의 창의성을 더욱촉진하는 것으로 보인다. 창의성의 영역에 따라 변인들의 직‧간접효과가 달리 나타난이유에 대한 해석이 제시되었고, 특히 경험에 대한 개방성은 상위의 특질(trait) 수준이아닌, 하위 측면(facet) 수준에서 분석이 이루어져야 함이 강조되었다.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was two-fold: 1) to examine the structural relationshipamong ideation, openness to experience, creative identity, and creative behavior based onthe componential or confluence model of creativity and to see whether this relationshipwould differ as to the domains of creativity, and 2) to identify the mediating role ofcreative identity in the relation of creative potential and creative behavior. A total of205 college students attending universities in Seoul and Chungbook province participatedin the study. The structural equation modeling technique with latent variables was usedfor analysis. The findings revealed that in the scholarly domain, ‘openness to ideas’ hasa direct positive effect on creativity and that ‘openness to aesthetics/feeling’ and‘ideation’ has an indirect effect on creativity, mediated by creative identity. Besides,‘openness to aesthetics/feeling’ has a negative effect on creativity. As to the artisticdomain, ‘openness to aesthetics/feeling’ and ‘ideation’ has an indirect effect oncreativity, mediated by creative identity. The mediating effect of creative identity waslarger in the artistic domain than in the scholarly domain. This may reflect the layperson's tendency to identify creativity with expression/production work (in art) ratherthan epistemological work (in scholarship). Self-image as a ‘creative person’ seems tolead to more creativity in artistic activities than in discovery-based scholarly activities. The reasons for the differential effects of openness to experience and ideation ondomain creativities were discussed, and the need to analyze ‘openness to experience’ onthe facet level, not trait level, was emphasized.
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