소비자 금융교육효과 측정 구성체계에 관한 연구: 중학생의 금융지식과 금융행동과의 관계를 중심으로
The evaluation of consumers’ financial education program: Focusing on the relationships of financial knowledge and financial behavior for middle school students
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초록
현재 시행되고 있는 금융교육은 대부분 지식중심의 교육으로 소비자들의 금융 지식을 함양하여 금융시장에서소비자의 후생을 높이기 위한 목적으로 이루어지고 있다, 그러나, 다양한 금융 프로그램의 개발과 시행에 비하여, 금융교육효과 평가에 관한 연구는 이론적이거나 실증 연구도 개별 프로그램과 연구의 목적에 따라 평가의 툴이 단편적이고 다양하며, 금융교육이 금융지식의 향상과 금융태도에서의 바람직한 변화를 결과한다는 것을 분석한 직접적인 실증 연구는 거의 존재하지 않는다. 본 연구는 금융교육의 효과를 측정하기 위하여, 금융교육의 목표인 바람직한 금융행동으로의 변화를 결과하는 원인변수로서의 금융지식과 금융태도와의 관계를 분석하기 위한구조방정식모형을 제시하여, 선행변수인 금융지식과 금융태도로부터 종속변수인 금융행동으로 이어지는 변수들간의 인과관계를 파악함으로 바람직한 금융행동을 형성하는 변수들 간의 영향요인을 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 금융교육을 받은 중학생 274명을 대상으로 조사한 자료를 2차자료로 분석에 사용하였으며, 분석 결과에의하면, 금융지식은 금융태도에 정의 영향을 미치고, 금융태도도 금융행동에 정의 영향을, 금융지식 역시 금융태도를 매개하여 금융행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 금융지식보다는 금융태도가 금융행동에 미치는영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 분석결과를 바탕으로 효과적인 금융교육 설계에 도움이 될 실무적인 시사점과연구의 한계점을 또한 제시하였다.
Abstract
While financial education programs have flourished, previous financial program's evaluation researches primarily focused on theoretical or have limited at most. Also, previous researches have not yet empirically examine whether the financial program accomplish their designed goal,which consumer changes their behavior in more desirable way through financial education. This paper examines the potential antecedents of a consumer’s financial behavior to propose integrated model to evaluate financial programs. The proposed antecedents include consumers'financial knowledge and consumers' financial attitude. Using structural equation modeling on the secondary data for middle school students, three hypotheses, which describe the relationships between the variables of the model, were tested. The results indicate that consumers' financial behavior was significantly influenced by the consumers’ financial knowledge and consumers'financial attitude. Some practical implications are discussed in the formation of consumers'financial behavior and limitation of this research are also discussed.
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