금융이해력이 소비자의 노후 재무대비에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of financial literacy on financial preparation for retirement of adult financial consumers and other related factors. In other words, it aims to help financial consumers become economically independent and lead a relaxed economic life for a long time after retirement by providing financial literacy for adult consumers facing retirement in the distant or near future. The research methods were combined with literature research and survey. This survey was revised and supplemented through a preliminary survey. This questionnaire was submitted to the ‘Hanguk Research(www.hrc.co.kr)’, an online professional research institute, by the self- filling method from May 11 to 18, 2021. The subjects were 501 adults and over 30 years. The subjects were significantly assigned to gender and age according to the national population composition. This sampling have a sampling error of ±4.4 percent (95% confidence level). The analysis of the questionnaire data was done using SPSS PC+, which is appropriate for each research problem such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, reliability, and one way ANOVA. The results of the study are as follows. First, many respondents (excluding those who said they had no preparation at all) were interested in preparing for retirement, 86.8% for financial assets, 80.4% for housing, 60.2% for gift, and 60.4% for succession. According to the average score by area of financial preparation for old age, 2.41(out of 5 points) points for financial assets, 2.52 points for housing, 1.90 points for gift, and 1.85 points for succession, the level of preparation being below midpoint. The level of housing preparation is the highest, followed by the level of financial assets. And the level of the preparation for gifts and succession is less than the level of financial assets and housing preparation. Second, when asked if they thought the financial assets they were preparing for were sufficient for retirement, the majority of respondents said ‘insufficient’. No respondents said their children would be responsible for their old financial assets, so there was no phenomenon of relying on their children for their old age. Third, financial literacy influenced on financial preparation for retirement. Groups with high financial literacy had high levels of financial assets, housing, gift, and succession preparation. Fourth, we investigated the impact of the seven socio-demographic variables(gender, age, residence, marital status, spouse status, child presence, and first child age) on financial preparation for retirement. Gender, residence and first child age were not influencing factors on the level of financial preparation in old age. Variables with or without spouses that showed common significant differences in all four subregions, namely financial assets, housing, gift, and succession. Fifth, education levels, occupation (no difference in this variable in sussession alone), average monthly household income, financial asset size, self-ownership and subjective economic level variables were significant factors. Socioeconomic considerations are very important in old age financial preparation. Educational and policy discussions were conducted based on the above results.