종업원 재무교육과 은퇴설계
Workplace Financial Education and Retirement Planning
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참고문헌
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초록
최근 고령화와 더불어 은퇴준비가 사회적으로 중요한 이슈가 되고 있다. 은퇴준비에 도움을 주는 방법으로 개인의 금융이해력을 향상시켜 행동을 유발시키는 재무교육은 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 재무교육의 일환인 직장에서 종업원을 대상으로 한 종업원 재무교육에 대하여 살펴보았다. 먼저 종업원 재무교육과 재무행동의 관계를 규명하는 문헌을 고찰하고 미국의 Retirement Confidence Survey 자료를 이용하여 종업원 재무교육과 은퇴설계의 관계를 살펴보았다. 종업원 재무교육은 고용주가 종업원들로 하여금 충분한 정보를 바탕으로 퇴직연금, 종업원 복지제도, 개인 및 가계의 재무관리에 대한 선택을 할 수 있도록 제공하는, 정보, 교육 및 서비스를 말한다. 주로 미국에서 행해진 실증 연구를 고찰한 결과 종업원 재무교육은 재무지식에 영향을 미치고 개인의 재무행동에 긍정적인 효과를 나타낸다고 보고되고 있다. 본 연구의 분석결과 종업원 재무교육은 은퇴설계의 첫 단계인 은퇴자금 필요액 계산 여부와 정적인 관계를 나타내었으며, 은퇴대비 저축여부와도 정적인 관계를 보여주었다. 미국의 조사자료를 이용하여 종업원 재무교육의 필요성을 고찰하고 은퇴설계와의 관계를 보여 준 본 연구 결과는 우리나라의 연구자, 교육자, 실무자들에게 종업원 재무교육의 당위성을 제공하며 향후의 연구방향과 실질적인 사업방향에 대한 아이디어를 제시한다. 향후 연구를 위하여 우리나라의 기업과 종업원을 대상으로 한 기반 데이터 수집이 필요하다. 우리나라의 자료를 이용한 이론적, 실험적 발전을 제언한다.
Abstract
This research explores the relationship between workplace financial education and retirement planning behaviors of employees. Workplace financial education is defined as education and services provided by an employer to help its employees make informed decisions about personal financial matters (Garman, 1997). Workplace financial education has been argued as one of the significant and effective ways to improve employees’ financial well-being and productivity. While the literature on this topic is well-established in the US, the topic is relatively new in Korea. The purposes of this study are (1) to introduce the literature on the workplace financial education and (2) to examine the relationship between workplace financial education and retirement planning using 2004 Retirement Confidence Survey from Employee Benefit Research Institute. The descriptive and multivariate analyses showed that workplace financial education has a significant positive relationship with retirement planning which was measured with retirement income needs analysis and retirement savings behavior. Future research on workplace education, in general, is recommended. Research with more elaborated model using Korean data will be useful. Implications for practitioners, educators, and employers are discussed.
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