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SNS이용이 대학생들의 정치효능감과 정치참여에 미치는 영향

The Influence of SNS Use on Political Efficacy and Political Participation Among Korean College Students

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초록

본 연구는 정치적 매체 및 도구로서 그 잠재력을 주목 받고 있는 SNS의 이용이 대학생들의 정치효능감 및 정치참여에 미치는 영향을 탐색하고 있다. 특히 SNS의 사회적 자본 창출가능성을 주목, SNS이용이 개인 스스로에 대한 정치효능감 인식과 더불어 집단에 대한 정치효능감 인식에 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 총 251명의 대학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과, SNS 이용은 개인 자신에 대한 내재적 정치효능감과 정적 연관성을 갖는 것으로 나타났으나 집단적 정치효능감과는 유의미한 관련성이 나타나지 않았다. 개인적-내재적 효능감은 다시 오프라인 정치참여의도에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 SNS를 친교 및 대인관계를 위해 이용하는 사람들일수록 집단적-내재적 정치효능감이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. SNS 이용은 또한 오프라인 정치참여의도에 직접적으로 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 종합했을 때, 본 연구는 SNS가 제한적이지만 정치참여를 촉진시키는 매체로서 역할을 할 수 있음을 제시한다. 또한, 정치에 무관심한 젊은 세대를 어떻게 움직일 수 있는지 그리고 그 과정에서 SNS가 어떤 역할을 할 수 있는지에 관한 함의를 논한다.

Abstract

This study explores the influence of SNS use on political efficacy and political participation among Korean college students. This study, in particular, examines if SNS use promote perception of collective political efficacy, not just personal political efficacy. A survey of 251 college students in a regional university in South Korea reveals that SNS use is positively related to efficacy perception about one’s own political abilities but not related to collective efficacy perceptions. This personal-internal efficacy perception in turn was positively related to intention for political participation offline. Meanwhile, those who use SNS for socializing were more likely to perceive stronger collective-internal efficacy. SNS use also directly influenced intention for political participation offline. To sum up, this study suggests that SNS may play a role as an medium to facilitate political process to some extent. Implications to mobilizing politically indifferent college students and the roles SNS may play in the process are also discussed.

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