친족의 지분 승계 및 임원 임용이 기업가치에 미친 영향

Abstract

Numerous studies have shown the effect of corporate governance structure adopted by firms on firm value. In general, there are particularly positive relationships between firm characteristics of good governance and firm value. In this paper, using Korean firms, we investigated information effect of family-owned business on shareholders' wealth. Especially, we examined this relationship directly by (i) the announcement effects of ownership succession and management appointment of family members on shareholder value and (ii) the determinant of firm value change which includes family managerial activity information through comprehensive empirical work. To investigate the goal of the paper, we consider macroeconomic factors as well as financial character such as financial crisis, business group, firm size and leverage which influence firm value changes following family business events. We classify samples of the heir succession and management appointment into two groups depending upon family business type and business group to determine which category is better to increase firm value for the shareholder's wealth maximization. Also, we include financial crisis period and firm characteristics to see how these factors affect firm value changes. In this regard, our research suggests additional important evidence about the effect of the transfer of the family owned business on firm value with a case of an heir succession and management appointment in Emerging market. Family business Korean financial market has good characteristics that are suitable to examine the value of equity of the firms following financial strategy change. In order to test the hypothesis, we use standard event study methodology with market model. The time horizon sets the announcement date as an event date and observes the performance of 20 days prior and after the disclosure date. Financial data are extracted by KIS-value and FN guide date set which are normally used for the study in this field. Our sample consisted of 512 family business events of the firms announced from 2001 to 2014 and publicly listed and traded institutions reported by the KSE. The independent(control) variables used in the paper are firm size, leverage ratio, managerial performance and dividend ratio, ownership structure, financial crisis period dummy, and the dependent variable is the cumulative abnormal return(CAR) which is calculated by market model. As a result, we find that the relationships between the announcement effect of family business event such as ownership succession and new management appointment of family members and short-term stock return have positive effects due to expectation about future firm performance. However, firm value changes following family business activity have different market reaction due to firm characteristics. While firms with good managerial performance(ROA) and higher ownership by controlling shareholder experience larger increases in the value of their equities, firms with bad performance and lower ownership by controlling shareholder reveal negative market responses. In addition, firms with larger asset and smaller debt experience less impact on their firm value which shows significant relationship between financial characteristics and firm value following family business event. To the extent that firm value enhances after corporate governance structure changes due to the increase in expected return on investment, our results are consistent with the view that non-financial characteristics such as management reshuffling and ownership succession can derive a link between corporate system and firm value. These results are consistent with the view that the increase in the expected rate of return due to family owned business is more pronounced as the succession method fits. Our results suggest that the appreciation of financial share prices is attributable for the factors around family business management and ownership succession.