우리나라 노사관계의 시대별 변화에 관한 연구 -1940년대에서 2000년대까지의 노동운동을 중심으로-

Abstract

Although Korea’s labor-management relations formed in 1910 after the Japanese annexation of the colonial relationship with the influences from Japan, the legal significance of the labor-management relations established since the formation of the four Labor Relations Act, enacted in March 1953 (Labor Union Act, Labor Dispute Adjustment Act, Labor Relations Commission Act, Labor Standard Act), and establishment of Korean National Trade Union Federation in 1954. The wage and working conditions were very inferior in 1950s and 1960s. In 1970s, so-called Yushin era, the condition did not improved. Through the momentum of Declaration of June 29, 1987, workers' rights improved. and reasonable labor-management relations started through the changes in government and thereafter amendment of the progressive labor relations law. Then in the beginning and middle of 1990s, economy was booming and labor movement was active and this leads to the establishment of Korean Confederation of Trade Unions established in 1995, From that time, the senior group multiple unions (Federation of Korea Trade Unions, Korean Confederation of Trade Unions) has been recognized. Thereafter financial crisis in 1997 as a labor-management relations are shrinking then from the era of 2000s, the issue between management and labor moved from wage negotiation to the collective bargaining agreement and non-regular employment and those challenges have been going on so far. This study specifies the major changes accompanied by the highlights of political and social history in South Korea, especially the amendments of labor-management relations law in chronological order. It also describes several labor movements which created a stir in South Korean society. The most of eastern and western labor movements has begun with labor workers' light to live throughout times and history. Nowadays, however, labor movements tend to focus on ameliorating working conditions to enhance the quality of the life of workers rather than demanding higher wages only for survival. Particularly, Declaration of June 29, 1987, which generated marked political changes in South Korea, shifted labor-management relations from government-enterprise-oriented to worker-oriented. In the past 10 years from 1998 to 2008, there were a lot of policy improvement and the revisions of the law of labor-management relations, which brought about amelioration of worker’s rights and interests. It is a remarkable change in 21c that labor movements, which were mainly struggling, has shown tendency to aim coexistence. The methodology of this research is to identify the changes of labor-management relations in about 60 years from 1945 to 2008 and to analyze of any problems concerned with the cases of labor disputes and labor-related statistics. The purpose of this research is how to develop a momentum of mutually cooperative relationship between labor and management through finding the common denominator of our labor relations, and minimizing the cost of social opportunity loss.