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조직분위기, 상사리더십, 직원특성이 직원 발언 행동에 미치는 영향: 은행 PB 직원을 대상으로

The Effects of Organizational Climate, Leadership, Employee Trait on Voice Behavior : Focused on Private Bankers

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주제분류경영학

초록

산업 환경이 급격히 변하면서 고객 접점에서 일하는 직원들의 발언행동이 점점 중요해지고 있다. 발언행동은 국내에서도 2010년부터 연구가 진행되었지만 20여 편에 불과하고, 관련 연구 대부분이 발언 행동의 선행요인을 상사 또는 부하직원 개인의 행동특성과 심리적 특성 등 개인적 요소에만 초점을 맞추는데 그치고 있어 그 중요성에 비해 체계적 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 발언행동의 선행요인을 조직 분위기, 상사의 리더십, 직원특성의 세 차원으로 나누고 이들이 발언 행동에 미치는 영향을 체계적으로 분석하고자 했다. 분석 결과 국내 은행 PB의 발언 행동에 영향을 미치는 선행요인으로 조직분위기 차원에서는 서비스 풍토, 발언안정성이 상사의 리더십 차원에서는 권한위임, 상사의 상의행위가 그리고 직원특성 차원에서는 고객지향성이 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 조직분위기차원의 서비스지향성은 발언행동에 유의미한 영향을 갖지 못했다. PB가 느끼는 발언 행동의 효능감은 서비스 풍토와 발언안정성에서만 유의미한 조절효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났는데, 발언 행동 효능감을 높게 느끼는 집단일수록 서비스 풍토가, 낮게 느끼는 집단일수록 발언안정성이 발언 행동에 미치는 영향이 유의미하게 큰 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

Today, as the industrial environment changes dramatically, businesses cannot rely solely on the insights of top executives like the past. Therefore, voice behavior of employees working at customer contact points are becoming increasingly important. Research on voice behavior has been ongoing since 2010 and recently related studies are increased. However, most of the related research is based on the actions of individuals with the superior and his / her subordinates and it focuses only on individual elements such as psychological characteristics, and it is a fact that systematic research is lacking compared with its importance. Therefore, in this research, we divide the preceding factors of voice behavior into three dimensions: organizational atmosphere, supervisor's leadership, and employee characteristics. And analyze systematically the influence of these factors on voice behavior. In particular, these three dimensions were considered to have different effects on the voice behavior according to the psychological characteristics of the individual, self - efficacy, and analyzed the control effect of the self - efficacy between the preceding factors and the voice behavior. The model is presented below <table 1>. As a result of the analysis, it was found that service climate and voice safety had a positive (+) effect on the voice behavior of the domestic bank PB in the dimension of organizational atmosphere. And also found that empowerment and supervisor's consultation had a positive effect on the PB in the dimension of supervisor’s leadership. Lastly, found that customer orientation had a positive (+) effect on the voice behavior of the domestic bank PB in the dimension of employee characteristics. However, service orientation at organizational atmosphere level did not have a significant influence on voice behavior. PB's efficacy of voice behavior was found to have a significant moderating effect only on service climate, voice safety. The effect of the service climate on the voice behavior was found to be significantly higher in the group with high level of voice behavior efficacy, while the effect of the voice safety on the voice behavior was found to be significantly higher in the group with low level of voice behavior efficacy.

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