직무요구와 직무스트레스의 관계에서 직장-가정 방해(WIF)와 가정-직장 방해(FIW)의 이중매개효과
Dual Mediation by Work Family Interference(WIF) and Family Work Interference(FIW) in the Relationship between Job Demand and Job Stress
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초록
현대 직장인에게 직장과 가정에서의 역할은 삶에서 가장 중요한 기대되는 행동이지만 이 두 역할 사이에는 서로 상충하는 요구가 존재한다. 선행연구에서는 역할충돌이 발생하는 경우가 많아질수록 구성원 개인이나 조직에 부정적인 영향을 주고 결과적으로 부정적인 결과로 이어진다는 점이 밝혀져 왔다. 이에, 본 연구는 교차영역 관점을 기반으로 제시한 변수들 사이의 인과관계를 설명하고자 하였다. 중국인 종업원의 경우, 직장으로부터 과도한 요구를 받고 있었는데 이에 더하여 가정에서도 높은 요구에 직면하고 있다는 점을 고려하여, 본 연구는 중국 대도시에서 근무하는 290명(남성 116명, 여성 174명)의 중국인 직장인을 대상으로 하였다. 분석한 결과에 의하면 직무요구, 직장-가정 방해와 가정-직장 방해가 모두 직무 스트레스에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 직무요구는 직장-가정 방해와 가정-직장 방해에도 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 직장-가정 방해는 직무요구가 직무 스트레스에 미치는 효과를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 직장→가정 방해 및 가정→직장 방해는 직무요구와 직무 스트레스 간의 관계를 이중매개하는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
Employees have roles in their workplace and family, which are the two most important expected behaviors in their life. However, there is always a confliction between these two roles. In previous research, it was found that, as employees experience more such role conflict, they and their origanizations had more negative outcomes. Given the current literature, this study investigated from the cross-domain perspective how employees’ job demands, work→family interference and family→work interference would influence their job stress. With a survey of 290 employees (116 men, 174 women) working in China, it was found that job demands, work→family interference and family→work interference were all positively related to job stress. In addition, family→work interference was found to mediate the effect of job demands on job stress. Finally, work→family and family→work interference was found to dual-mediate the relationship between job demands and job stress. Based on the study findings, future research and practical implications were discussed.
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