『로마인 이야기 Gesta Romanorum』의 동양 이야기 전통
The Oriental elements in the Gesta Romanorum
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Gesta Romanorum is an anonymous collection of exempla, i.e. exemplary tales used mostly in sermons in the Middle Ages. The text seems to have been compiled in the early 14th century, probably in England. About 138 manuscripts survive containing the text, of which seven manuscripts are copied in the 14th century, and the others in the 15th century. Gesta Romanorum exerted great influence on the medieval Latin literature as well as on the late medieval and Renaissance literature written in European languages. Its importance in the history of European literature also lies in that (1) it incorporated two different tradition of narratives, i.e. the European and the oriental literary tradition, (2) it Christianised non-Christian stories and folk tales, (3) it contributed to the development of the genres of medieval Romances and Christian allegorical literature. This article focuses on the first aspect of this work and aims to show the way it incorporated oriental stories into the framework of Christian narratives by examining two stories shared by Gesta Romanorum and other works of oriental origin. The oriental stories used and Christianised in the Gesta Romanorum include the stories from the famous Arabic wisdom Book Kalila wa Dimna, perhaps through the Latin translation Directorium Humanae Vitae, and the Indian epic Mahabarat, perhaps through the Latin translation Barlaam et Iosaphat, and the One Thousand and One Night. The stories of oriental origin were transformed into stories which could be interpreted as Christian allegory, thereby inculcating the readers the Christian teachings.
Abstract
Gesta Romanorum is an anonymous collection of exempla, i.e. exemplary tales used mostly in sermons in the Middle Ages. The text seems to have been compiled in the early 14th century, probably in England. About 138 manuscripts survive containing the text, of which seven manuscripts are copied in the 14th century, and the others in the 15th century. Gesta Romanorum exerted great influence on the medieval Latin literature as well as on the late medieval and Renaissance literature written in European languages. Its importance in the history of European literature also lies in that (1) it incorporated two different tradition of narratives, i.e. the European and the oriental literary tradition, (2) it Christianised non-Christian stories and folk tales, (3) it contributed to the development of the genres of medieval Romances and Christian allegorical literature. This article focuses on the first aspect of this work and aims to show the way it incorporated oriental stories into the framework of Christian narratives by examining two stories shared by Gesta Romanorum and other works of oriental origin. The oriental stories used and Christianised in the Gesta Romanorum include the stories from the famous Arabic wisdom Book Kalila wa Dimna, perhaps through the Latin translation Directorium Humanae Vitae, and the Indian epic Mahabarat, perhaps through the Latin translation Barlaam et Iosaphat, and the One Thousand and One Night. The stories of oriental origin were transformed into stories which could be interpreted as Christian allegory, thereby inculcating the readers the Christian teachings.
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