프랑코 체제 하의 검열정책과 출판 환경 변화에 대한 연구 - 1965년부터 1975년 중심으로 -

Abstract

The censorship under the Franco regime was not limited to book publishing, but it controlled and regulated almost every sectors of culture, including newspapers, TV, radio, movies, and theater. This paper studies the history of censorship and examines the operation and censorship organization since the year of Publication Printing Act (1966). It analyzes conflicts of interest among the government agencies, and it focuses on the struggles of the publishing companies, who were the target of censorship. The essay interprets the original intention of the Spanish government’s openness policy and the results after the policy implementation, particularly the methods of direct or indirect control and regulation. For example, there were cases of book confiscations for publishers, prohibition of circulation, detentions of publishers and editors, and circumventive tactics with which the government supported its handpicked publishers with the aim of extenuating the existing publishers. The agents of such censorship behaved as if they were government workers. Though they might have had a sense of professional calling and commitment, they were frustrated literary aspirants, and their discontented opinions could have influenced censorship. Publishers initially showed a passivity, but the number of publishers increasingly opposed the government at the time was increasing because of the great changes in society, the publication of the printing and publishing law. It is intriguing to see the fact that each publisher did not search for its own survival, but it tried to build a sense of solidarity with peer publishers. At least, many publishers did not abandon their willingness to publish under a harsh circumstance, but they explored diverse strategies to survive.