중국 남조의 사찰명 분석을 통해 본 남조불교의 특징 ― 백제 불교 이해를 위한 전제 ―

Abstract

I tried the analysis and the categorization of the temple names of the Southern Dynasties in China. First, I categorized them into name type and religion type. Then, I categorized the name type again into region-name type and person-name type. Finally, I categorized the religion type into general religious term type and Buddhist term type. In the early days of building temples, before East Jin Dynasty, many of the names were name type. However, as it reached the Southern Dynasties, name types rapidly decreased, starting with the region-name type. At the NamJae period, the person-name type decreased too, and religion type held a huge proportion. At the Yang Dynasty, the Buddhist term type held the largest proportion. The change of temple names along times reflects the deepening understanding of Buddhism in China. The temple names using the names of people or regions were a transition period, and were deemed to disappear. Out of the religion types, the general (traditional) religious term type must have retreated gradually because of the Buddhistic term type names, but the Chinese traditional religion with its strong historic and philosophical roots actually changed Chinese Buddhism, and it was shown likewise on the names of the temples. The traditional religious term type names didn’t disappear and were constantly used for the temple names and it was gradually generalized. The Southern Dynasties period is when Buddhism is understood on the basis of Chinese traditional philosophy and religion, and it was reflected directly to the temple names. This kind of Buddhism was accepted to Baekjae. Baekjae embraced Buddhism from East Jin, and even after that, Baekjae mainly interchanged with the Southern Dynasties and was influenced very much in political, diplomatic, and cultural ways. The Buddhism of Baekjae also was influenced very much by the Buddhism of the Southern Dynasties. In that point we need to remember that the Southern Dynasties’ Buddhism is very much intertwined with traditional Chinese ideas and philosophy when inferring the form of Baekjae’s Buddhism. The Buddhism accepted by Baekjae must have developed while exchanging influence with the traditional philosophy and ideas of Baekjae. The early times of Buddhism in Baekjae and Buddhism in Baekjae after a certain period of time should have some difference. However if we think of the fact that Buddhism first accepted in Baekjae, and the Buddhism after some time later still contained some traditional content such as Taoism, and the fact that the base of Baekjae ideas had affinity with such content in Buddhism we can deduce that Buddhism in the accepting times and after still contained elements of traditional religion. Thus it is thought that in Baekjae, Buddhism was never separated from Chinese traditional philosophy and ideas such as Taoism and was always together.