1960년대 여성시의 정체성 모색과 탈주의 상상력

Abstract

Although 4.19 has given the young generation a position of social presence and allowed them to experience the value of freedom, that was not for all ‘young people’. The women, in the April Revolution, were not noticed as political and social subjects, excluded, or even erased. However, the young women of the 1960s, who grew up during the time when women's social participation and status were improving, began to seek women's new positions and roles. Women in the 1960s who wanted to go beyond women's representations in literary and popular culture that were portrayed as object of masculine violent or ritual victim attempted to promote new gender, and the skepticism on patriarchy became greater than ever. They tried to become cultural subjects themselves and resisted the social prejudice that was given to ‘Apres-girl’. The social atmosphere, at 4.19 and after it, that aloowed as human being deepened the desire for ‘self-discovery’ of women. The reason to give special meaning to the writing of young women in the 1960s is that they are the very generation who promoted women's literature popularized the theory development and research of feminism in 1970-80s. If they are the leading actors at the turning point that has led to progress and innovation in the women community, it is necessary to consider the writings by women in 1960s as a sign and their mental origin. Women in this period who are constrained by increasingly more rigid conservative nature of the society and the nationalistic scheme sought to raise problems in the reality and achieve self-fulfillment by writings revealing frustration and desire for escape. These attempts are display as going outward, deviations and wandering, and pilgrimages in the writings in this period. This study examined the writings of young women in the 1960s that anticipated the era of active feminism literature and reviewed their self-consciousness that tried to overcome patriarchy and the scheme of cultural politics. In addition, to track the change of women authors who had already started her literary careers, this study investigated poetry by Kim Nam-jo. The poetries that depicted the attitude claiming abandonment of love and independence or remorse and confusion in life were different from the previous attitudes. they also showed the pursuit of ‘tomorrow’ to build a new society. The common features found in women's writings at that period were frequent appearances of such themes as nocturnal, poverty, travel or movement, which is in contrast to the so-called “craving for bread,” the pursuit of prosperity and stability in the 1960s and is a point that escapes the material modernization which is represented by 5.16 coup.